Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the first step suggested for the Non-Cooperation Movement?
What was the first step suggested for the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Why were many within the Congress hesitant about the proposed movement?
Why were many within the Congress hesitant about the proposed movement?
What compromise was reached at the Congress session in Nagpur in December 1920?
What compromise was reached at the Congress session in Nagpur in December 1920?
Why was foreign cloth boycotted during the movement?
Why was foreign cloth boycotted during the movement?
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Why did students and teachers start trickling back to government schools during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Why did students and teachers start trickling back to government schools during the Non-Cooperation Movement?
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What was one of the key demands of the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh?
What was one of the key demands of the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh?
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How did the Non-Cooperation Movement spread beyond cities to the countryside?
How did the Non-Cooperation Movement spread beyond cities to the countryside?
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What action did the movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh take against oppressive landlords?
What action did the movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh take against oppressive landlords?
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What was the impact of non-cooperation movement on the economic front?
What was the impact of non-cooperation movement on the economic front?
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Why did the council elections see participation in Madras despite the boycott in most provinces?
Why did the council elections see participation in Madras despite the boycott in most provinces?
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Why did the non-cooperation movement eventually slow down in the cities?
Why did the non-cooperation movement eventually slow down in the cities?
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What led to an increase in production of Indian textile mills and handlooms during the movement?
What led to an increase in production of Indian textile mills and handlooms during the movement?
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What was the role of Jawaharlal Nehru in the organization of the Awadh Kisan Sabha?
What was the role of Jawaharlal Nehru in the organization of the Awadh Kisan Sabha?
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What action did local leaders tell the peasants to take based on Gandhiji's supposed declaration during the peasant movement?
What action did local leaders tell the peasants to take based on Gandhiji's supposed declaration during the peasant movement?
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In what region did Vallabhbhai Patel lead a peasant movement against enhancement of land revenue?
In what region did Vallabhbhai Patel lead a peasant movement against enhancement of land revenue?
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How did the Congress react to the forms that the peasant movement developed into in 1921?
How did the Congress react to the forms that the peasant movement developed into in 1921?
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What was the nature of the guerrilla movement that spread in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh in the early 1920s?
What was the nature of the guerrilla movement that spread in the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh in the early 1920s?
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How did Jawaharlal Nehru describe the peasant's behavior during the incident near Rae Bareli?
How did Jawaharlal Nehru describe the peasant's behavior during the incident near Rae Bareli?
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What did Nehru feel when his 'blood was up' near Rae Bareli?
What did Nehru feel when his 'blood was up' near Rae Bareli?
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Why did the tribal peasants in the Gudem Hills interpret Gandhi's message in a way that led to a militant guerrilla movement?
Why did the tribal peasants in the Gudem Hills interpret Gandhi's message in a way that led to a militant guerrilla movement?
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What was one of the key demands of the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh?
What was one of the key demands of the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra in Awadh?
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How did Baba Ramchandra's experience as an indentured laborer in Fiji influence his leadership in the peasant movement in Awadh?
How did Baba Ramchandra's experience as an indentured laborer in Fiji influence his leadership in the peasant movement in Awadh?
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During the peasant movement in Awadh, what was the significance of demanding a reduction of revenue from the landlords?
During the peasant movement in Awadh, what was the significance of demanding a reduction of revenue from the landlords?
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How did the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra address the issue of tenants' lack of security of tenure?
How did the peasant movement led by Baba Ramchandra address the issue of tenants' lack of security of tenure?
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Study Notes
- The Non-Cooperation-Khilafat Movement began in India in January 1921.
- Various social groups participated, each with their own specific aspirations for Swaraj (self-rule).
- Middle-class participation occurred in cities, leading to the boycott of government-controlled schools, colleges, and council elections.
- Economic effects were significant, with import of foreign goods decreasing, and production of Indian textiles increasing.
- In the countryside, peasant struggles against landlords and talukdars spread the movement.
- Peasants demanded reduction of revenue, abolition of begar (forced labor), and social boycott of oppressive landlords.
- Activities included nai-dhobi bandhs (boycotts of services to landlords) and attacks on talukdars and merchants' houses.
- Congress struggled to control the movement's forms, as some actions did not align with their nonviolent ideals.
- Mahatma Gandhi's message of Swaraj was interpreted differently by tribal peasants, leading to militant guerrilla movements.
- Alternative Indian institutions were slow to develop, causing students and teachers to return to government schools and lawyers to join work in government courts.
- Jawaharlal Nehru played a role in the Awadh peasant struggle, setting up the Oudh Kisan Sabha (Peasant Association) in 1920.
- The Non-Cooperation Movement eventually integrated the Awadh peasant struggle into the wider movement.
- Peasants and tribals responded to Gandhiji's call for Swaraj for various reasons, including economic exploitation and desire for self-rule.
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Description
Learn about the key events of the Indian Independence Movement in 1920, including the surrender of government titles, boycotts of various institutions, civil disobedience campaigns, and the mobilization of popular support by Mahatma Gandhi and Shaukat Ali.
