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Questions and Answers
What is the key principle that the Indian Constitution delineates in terms of the structure of government?
How does the Indian Constitution address the need for change and adaptation over time?
What is the emphasis of the Indian Constitution in terms of the nation's integrity and sovereignty?
Which of the following best describes the historical origins and influences of the Indian Constitution?
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Who is often referred to as the 'Father' of the Indian Constitution?
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What is the primary significance and impact of the Indian Constitution?
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What date was the Indian Constitution established?
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How many parts make up the Indian Constitution?
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What do the schedules in the Indian Constitution provide?
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Which feature ensures that the Indian Constitution stands above all other laws?
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What does the Indian Constitution incorporate to protect citizens' rights?
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How many articles were originally contained in the Indian Constitution?
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Study Notes
Indian Constitution
The Indian Constitution, established on January 26, 1950, is the fundamental law of India, serving as the blueprint for the nation's political system and governing the relationship between the central government and individual citizens. It defines the powers and responsibilities of state institutions, while guaranteeing essential civil liberties, promoting justice, and preserving equality and fraternity.
Key Features
Structure
The Indian Constitution comprises three parts:
- Parts: A series of divisions within the Constitution that group together related Articles. Currently, there are 25 parts in the Indian Constitution.
- Articles: Specific provisions or clauses within the Constitution that detail various aspects of governance. Originally containing 395 articles, the Constitution has grown to 448 articles over time through various amendments.
- Schedules: Additional lists or tables attached to the Constitution that provide clarification and supplementary information. Initially consisting of eight schedules, there are currently 12 schedules in the Indian Constitution.
Salient Features
- Supremacy: The Constitution stands above all other laws, ensuring its primacy in the hierarchy of legal norms.
- Incorporation of Fundamental Rights: The constitution recognizes and protects fundamental human rights, such as the right to equality, freedom of religion, and the prohibition of forced labor.
- Separation of Powers: The Indian Constitution delineates distinct branches of government—the executive, legislature, and judiciary—each responsible for unique functions and checks and balances between them.
- Amendment Process: The constitution permits modifications through parliamentary procedures, allowing for adjustments to address changing societal needs and realities.
- Integrity of the Nation: The Indian Constitution emphasizes the need for national unity and integrity, protecting the territorial sovereignty of the nation.
Historical Context
The Indian Constitution owes much of its inspiration to the constitutions of other countries, incorporating elements from British, American, Irish, Canadian, and other legal systems. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, one of the architects of the Indian Constitution, is often referred to as its 'Father'. He played a crucial role in drafting the document and championed its progressive provisions.
Significance and Impact
The Indian Constitution has been instrumental in molding India into a diverse yet inclusive society, providing a framework for the exercise of power and the protection of individual rights. Through its stipulations, it continues to shape the course of the Indian polity, acting as a vital tool for navigating the challenges faced by the country.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Indian Constitution, its structure, key features like supremacy, fundamental rights, separation of powers, and the amendment process, and its historical context and impact on the Indian society and polity.
