12 Questions
What is the purpose of the Right to Constitutional Remedies?
To enforce fundamental rights through the Supreme Court
When can fundamental rights be amended by the Parliament?
Only if two-thirds of the members of the Parliament vote in favor
What happens to fundamental rights during a national emergency?
They can be suspended, except for those guaranteed under Articles 20 and 21
Who has the power to strike down laws, government orders, and other measures that infringe upon fundamental rights?
The Supreme Court
How many times has the Constitution of India been amended?
104 times
What is the role of High Courts in enforcing fundamental rights?
People can approach High Courts directly in case of violation of fundamental rights
Which category of fundamental rights covers the prohibition of all forms of forced labor and child labor?
Right against Exploitation
Which fundamental right includes the right to freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association or union, and the right to practice any profession or occupation?
Right to Freedom
Which category of fundamental rights provides for the protection of the interests of minorities in terms of culture, language, and education?
Cultural and Educational Rights
Which fundamental right includes equality before the law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth?
Right to Equality
Which category of fundamental rights covers the right to freedom of conscience, free profession, practice, and propagation of religion?
Right to Freedom of Religion
Which fundamental right provides for the protection of individual liberties and acts as a check on the government?
Right to Freedom
Study Notes
Indian Constitution: Fundamental Rights
The Indian Constitution guarantees a set of fundamental rights to all citizens, ensuring their dignity, freedom, and well-being. These rights are enshrined in Part III (Articles 12-35) of the Constitution and are essential for the protection of individual liberties and acts as a check on the government. The fundamental rights can be divided into six categories:
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Right to Equality: This includes equality before the law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth, and equality of opportunity in matters of employment.
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Right to Freedom: This category includes the right to freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association or union, movement, residence, and the right to practice any profession or occupation. Some of these rights are subject to security of friendly relations with foreign countries, public order, decency, or morality.
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Right against Exploitation: This covers the prohibition of all forms of forced labor, child labor, and traffic in human beings.
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Right to Freedom of Religion: This includes the right to freedom of conscience, free profession, practice, and propagation of religion.
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Cultural and Educational Rights: Articles 29-30 provide for the protection of the interests of minorities in terms of culture, language, and education.
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Right to Constitutional Remedies: This grants individuals the right to move to the Supreme Court for the enforcement of their fundamental rights.
These fundamental rights were included in the constitution because they were considered essential for the all-round development of individuals, i.e., material, intellectual, moral, and spiritual. The Constitution of India came into force on January 26, 1950, and has been amended 104 times, with the latest amendment becoming effective on January 14, 2019.
Fundamental rights can be amended by the Parliament through a constitutional amendment, but only if two-thirds of the members of the Parliament vote in favor. The Fundamental Rights of the Indian Constitution can be suspended during a national emergency, but the rights guaranteed under Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended. The application of fundamental rights can be restricted in an area that has been placed under a national emergency.
People can approach the Supreme Court and High Courts directly in case of violation of fundamental rights. The Supreme Court has the power to strike down laws, government orders, and other measures that infringe upon the fundamental rights of individuals. In the case of an emergency, the President can declare a national emergency, which suspends certain fundamental rights for the duration of the emergency.
Test your knowledge about the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution, which ensure dignity, freedom, and well-being for all citizens. Learn about the categories of fundamental rights, their significance, and the mechanisms for enforcement and amendment.
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