Indian Agriculture: Labour and Land Distribution

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of farmers in India cultivate less than 2 ha of land?

80%

20%

36%

64% (correct)

According to Graph 1.1, medium and large farmers cultivate more than 80% of the land in India.

False

Farm labourers typically come from ______________ families or families cultivating small plots of land.

landless

What is the primary source of labour for small farmers in India?

Small farmers themselves and their families. Signup and view all the answers

Who provides the labour required for farming on medium and large farms?

Farm labourers Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, farming requires a small amount of hard work.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of farmers with their corresponding landholding sizes:

Small farmers = Less than 2 ha Medium farmers = More than 2 ha Large farmers = More than 2 ha Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of farm labourers on medium and large farms?

To work on the fields. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of workers in rural areas in India are engaged in non-farm activities?

24 Signup and view all the answers

What are two essential things required for the expansion of non-farm activities?

Availability of capital and markets for goods and services Signup and view all the answers

The use of labour on farms is increasing in India.

False Signup and view all the answers

Unlike farming, non-farm activities require very little ______________.

land Signup and view all the answers

Many villagers are employed in non-farm activities in large numbers.

False Signup and view all the answers

Why do labourers migrate to neighbouring villages, towns, and cities?

To look for non-farm job opportunities Signup and view all the answers

How can people without savings start non-farm activities?

By taking a loan at a low rate of interest Signup and view all the answers

Match the following non-farm activities with their markets:

Milk = Neighbouring villages, towns and cities Jaggery = Palampur village Wheat = Local markets Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum wage for a farm labourer set by the government?

Rs 115 Signup and view all the answers

Farm labourers have the right to own the crops they work on.

False Signup and view all the answers

Farm labourers in Palampur often agree to work for lower wages due to ____________________ competition for work.

heavy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of employment for Dala?

Farm labourer Signup and view all the answers

How does Tejpal Singh agree to lend money to Savita?

At an interest rate of 24 per cent Signup and view all the answers

Farm labourers are employed for the whole year.

False Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of farm labourers with their descriptions:

Daily wage labourer = Employed on a daily basis Farm labourer for a particular farm activity = Employed for one particular farm activity like harvesting Farm labourer for the whole year = Employed for the whole year Signup and view all the answers

What is the amount of money Dala gets per day as a farm labourer?

Rs 80 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Distribution of Farmers in India

36% of the cultivated area is farmed by small farmers, who own less than 2 hectares of land.
64% of the cultivated area is farmed by medium and large farmers, who own more than 2 hectares of land.
20% of farmers are small farmers, while 80% are medium and large farmers.

Labour in Farming

Labour is the next necessary factor for production after land.
Small farmers, along with their families, provide the labour required for farming themselves.
Medium and large farmers hire farm labourers to work on their fields.
Farm labourers come from landless families or families cultivating small plots of land.

Labour Migration

Labour is migrating to neighbouring villages, towns, and cities due to limited opportunities in farming.
Some labour has entered the non-farm sector in the village.

Non-Farm Activities

Only 24 out of every 100 workers in rural areas are engaged in non-farm activities.
Non-farm activities require little land, but people need capital to start them.
Loan availability at low interest rates is essential for people to start non-farm activities.
Markets are also necessary for the goods and services produced in non-farm activities.

Farm Labourers

Farm labourers do not have a right over the land they work on.
They are paid wages by the farmer, which can be in cash or in kind.
Wages vary widely from region to region, crop to crop, and farm activity to farm activity.
The minimum wage for a farm labourer is set by the government, but farm labourers often receive lower wages due to heavy competition.

Case Study: Dala and Ramkali

Dala is a landless farm labourer who works on daily wages in Palampur.
He receives a wage of Rs 80, which is lower than the minimum wage set by the government.
Dala and Ramkali are among the poorest people in the village.
They face heavy competition for work among farm labourers, leading to lower wages.

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Description

This quiz is about the distribution of farmers in India and the amount of land they cultivate, as well as the role of labour in farming. It discusses the importance of labour in agricultural production.