Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of farmers in India cultivate less than 2 ha of land?
What percentage of farmers in India cultivate less than 2 ha of land?
- 80%
- 20%
- 36%
- 64% (correct)
According to Graph 1.1, medium and large farmers cultivate more than 80% of the land in India.
According to Graph 1.1, medium and large farmers cultivate more than 80% of the land in India.
False (B)
Farm labourers typically come from ______________ families or families cultivating small plots of land.
Farm labourers typically come from ______________ families or families cultivating small plots of land.
landless
What is the primary source of labour for small farmers in India?
What is the primary source of labour for small farmers in India?
Who provides the labour required for farming on medium and large farms?
Who provides the labour required for farming on medium and large farms?
According to the content, farming requires a small amount of hard work.
According to the content, farming requires a small amount of hard work.
Match the following types of farmers with their corresponding landholding sizes:
Match the following types of farmers with their corresponding landholding sizes:
What is the primary role of farm labourers on medium and large farms?
What is the primary role of farm labourers on medium and large farms?
What percentage of workers in rural areas in India are engaged in non-farm activities?
What percentage of workers in rural areas in India are engaged in non-farm activities?
What are two essential things required for the expansion of non-farm activities?
What are two essential things required for the expansion of non-farm activities?
The use of labour on farms is increasing in India.
The use of labour on farms is increasing in India.
Unlike farming, non-farm activities require very little ______________.
Unlike farming, non-farm activities require very little ______________.
Many villagers are employed in non-farm activities in large numbers.
Many villagers are employed in non-farm activities in large numbers.
Why do labourers migrate to neighbouring villages, towns, and cities?
Why do labourers migrate to neighbouring villages, towns, and cities?
How can people without savings start non-farm activities?
How can people without savings start non-farm activities?
Match the following non-farm activities with their markets:
Match the following non-farm activities with their markets:
What is the minimum wage for a farm labourer set by the government?
What is the minimum wage for a farm labourer set by the government?
Farm labourers have the right to own the crops they work on.
Farm labourers have the right to own the crops they work on.
Farm labourers in Palampur often agree to work for lower wages due to ____________________ competition for work.
Farm labourers in Palampur often agree to work for lower wages due to ____________________ competition for work.
What is the primary source of employment for Dala?
What is the primary source of employment for Dala?
How does Tejpal Singh agree to lend money to Savita?
How does Tejpal Singh agree to lend money to Savita?
Farm labourers are employed for the whole year.
Farm labourers are employed for the whole year.
Match the following types of farm labourers with their descriptions:
Match the following types of farm labourers with their descriptions:
What is the amount of money Dala gets per day as a farm labourer?
What is the amount of money Dala gets per day as a farm labourer?
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Study Notes
Distribution of Farmers in India
- 36% of the cultivated area is farmed by small farmers, who own less than 2 hectares of land.
- 64% of the cultivated area is farmed by medium and large farmers, who own more than 2 hectares of land.
- 20% of farmers are small farmers, while 80% are medium and large farmers.
Labour in Farming
- Labour is the next necessary factor for production after land.
- Small farmers, along with their families, provide the labour required for farming themselves.
- Medium and large farmers hire farm labourers to work on their fields.
- Farm labourers come from landless families or families cultivating small plots of land.
Labour Migration
- Labour is migrating to neighbouring villages, towns, and cities due to limited opportunities in farming.
- Some labour has entered the non-farm sector in the village.
Non-Farm Activities
- Only 24 out of every 100 workers in rural areas are engaged in non-farm activities.
- Non-farm activities require little land, but people need capital to start them.
- Loan availability at low interest rates is essential for people to start non-farm activities.
- Markets are also necessary for the goods and services produced in non-farm activities.
Farm Labourers
- Farm labourers do not have a right over the land they work on.
- They are paid wages by the farmer, which can be in cash or in kind.
- Wages vary widely from region to region, crop to crop, and farm activity to farm activity.
- The minimum wage for a farm labourer is set by the government, but farm labourers often receive lower wages due to heavy competition.
Case Study: Dala and Ramkali
- Dala is a landless farm labourer who works on daily wages in Palampur.
- He receives a wage of Rs 80, which is lower than the minimum wage set by the government.
- Dala and Ramkali are among the poorest people in the village.
- They face heavy competition for work among farm labourers, leading to lower wages.
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