Questions and Answers
What is an early sign related to weakness?
Weakness in one extremity or one side
What does a change in level of consciousness (LOC) indicate?
Change in LOC
What are early signs of restlessness?
Restlessness, confusion
What is considered an early sign of purposeless movements?
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What type of headache is categorized as an early sign?
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What early sign involves ocular movement?
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What is an early sign characterized by increased respiratory efforts?
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What components make up Cushing's triad as a late sign?
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What does an increased temperature indicate as a late sign?
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What is a late sign that involves vomiting?
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What term describes late signs ranging from stupor to coma?
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What loss of reflexes is a late sign?
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What is hemiplegia as a late sign?
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What are late signs involving motor function such as decortication?
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What are some respiratory pattern alterations that can occur as late signs?
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Study Notes
Early Signs of Increased ICP
- Weakness observed in one extremity or one side of the body.
- Alteration in level of consciousness (LOC) indicating cognitive decline.
- Symptoms may include restlessness and confusion.
- Presence of purposeless movements, indicating lack of coordinated motor control.
- Persistent headache characterized by constant, increasing intensity, often worsened by movement or straining.
- Impaired ocular movement and noticeable changes in pupil response.
- Increased respiratory efforts, possibly indicating distress.
Late Signs of Increased ICP
- Cushing's triad manifests as a combination of bradypnea (slow breathing), hypertension (high blood pressure), and bradycardia (slow heart rate).
- Elevated body temperature may indicate infection or neurologic deterioration.
- Projectile vomiting may occur due to pressure on the brain.
- Patient may progress from stupor to a state of coma, reflecting severe impairment.
- Loss of brainstem reflexes such as pupil reaction, gag reflex, corneal reflex, and swallowing indicates critical dysfunction.
- Hemiplegia manifests as paralysis affecting one side of the body, impacting both arm and leg functions.
- Motor function deteriorates to decortication, decerebration, or flaccidity, suggesting severe injury to the central nervous system.
- Respiratory patterns may become irregular, presenting as Cheyne-Stokes, Biot's, or apneustic breathing.
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Description
Explore the critical signs and symptoms associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). This quiz covers both early and late manifestations, helping you identify the severity of the condition in patients. Test your knowledge on managing these signs effectively.
