In Vitro Evidence in Dental Product Decisions

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Questions and Answers

What should be given the most weight when making decisions about new dental products?

  • In vitro evidence
  • Evidence from the scientific literature
  • Anecdotal evidence from dental professionals
  • Clinical evidence (correct)

What does the vertical location of each layer in the evidence pyramid indicate?

  • The complexity of the research methods used
  • The relative weight that should be applied to that type of research (correct)
  • The amount of that type of evidence available
  • The chronological order in which different types of research are conducted

What does the width of each layer in the evidence pyramid indicate?

  • The level of difficulty in conducting that type of research
  • The cost associated with that type of research
  • The relative weight that should be applied to that type of research
  • The relative amount of that type of evidence available in the scientific literature (correct)

Despite its drawbacks, what role does in vitro research play in the development of dental products?

<p>It plays an important role early in the process of developing a dental product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of evidence is considered the most reliable for determining the clinical performance of dental products?

<p>Clinical evidence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main purposes of in vitro testing according to the passage?

<p>To assess the safety and efficacy of a product (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of in vitro test was found to predict marginal fracture or 'ditching' in dental amalgam fillings?

<p>Tests of creep resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of the microstructure was associated with more ditching-resistant amalgams according to the passage?

<p>Lack of a phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a measure of a product's efficacy?

<p>Chemical durability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what is necessary before conducting clinical studies?

<p>Ensuring the safety and efficacy of the product through in vitro testing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of incubating cells with the materials in cell culture wells?

<p>To determine semiquantitative results (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use dentin as a barrier in the Dentin Barrier Test?

<p>To alter the effects of released components from the material (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might composites appear more cytotoxic in vitro than they would be clinically?

<p>Due to altered effects of released components without a barrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely reason for a rash developing on hands when handling methacrylate denture base and monomer?

<p>Hypersensitivity to monomer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long should cells be incubated with the materials?

<p>24 hours or more (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be observed under phase-contrast microscopy after incubating cells with the materials?

<p>Cytopathic effects around each disk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor contributing to the clinical failure of composite restorations?

<p>It is a complex, multifactorial process that cannot be predicted from any in vitro test. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do in vitro tests play in the early development stages of new dental materials?

<p>They are the only tools available for screening and making educated guesses about material performance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trade-off between clinical relevance and precision in testing methods for dental materials?

<p>Testing methods with high precision tend to have low clinical relevance, and vice versa. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the case of dentin bond-strength evaluation, which testing method is described as having more clinical relevance?

<p>Testing an actual dental crown removed from a real tooth. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors contribute to the variability in testing actual dental crowns removed from real teeth?

<p>Both the overall shape of the teeth and their degree of mineralization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which statement is true regarding the evaluation of dental materials?

<p>There is a trade-off between clinical relevance and precision in testing methods for dental materials. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the MTT assay?

<p>To determine cell viability and metabolic activity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle behind the MTT assay?

<p>Mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase cleaves MTT to produce a purple formazan product in viable cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Ames test?

<p>To evaluate the carcinogenic potential of substances. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between genotoxicity and mutagenicity?

<p>Genotoxicity refers to any adverse effect on the DNA, while mutagenicity is the transfer of this effect to subsequent generations of cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the Ames test?

<p>It is extensively described in the literature and technically easier to conduct in a testing laboratory. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the ANSI/ADA specification No. 41, 1982 addendum?

<p>It introduced the Ames test and the Styles' cell transformation test for evaluating mutagenesis of biomaterials. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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