Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which section of an IMRAD report focuses on the 'why' behind a study, including the reasons for choosing a specific topic?
Which section of an IMRAD report focuses on the 'why' behind a study, including the reasons for choosing a specific topic?
- Introduction (Background of the Study) (correct)
- Results
- Methods
- Discussion
In the IMRAD format, what is the primary role of the 'Objectives' section?
In the IMRAD format, what is the primary role of the 'Objectives' section?
- To present the findings of the study.
- To detail how the research was conducted.
- To define the study's focus and what it aims to achieve. (correct)
- To discuss the limitations of the study.
Which component of the Methods section specifically identifies who or what was involved in the study?
Which component of the Methods section specifically identifies who or what was involved in the study?
- Research Respondents or Participants (correct)
- Statistical Tools or Data Analysis
- Data Collection Procedure
- Research Design
Which aspect is NOT typically included in the 'Data Collection Procedure' section of a research methods document?
Which aspect is NOT typically included in the 'Data Collection Procedure' section of a research methods document?
What is the essential characteristic of a background of the study, absent which it becomes an unscientific essay?
What is the essential characteristic of a background of the study, absent which it becomes an unscientific essay?
In the context of an IMRAD report, which section provides a synthesis of the findings in relation to the research problem, along with recommendations?
In the context of an IMRAD report, which section provides a synthesis of the findings in relation to the research problem, along with recommendations?
In a qualitative research design, what is a common method for data analysis?
In a qualitative research design, what is a common method for data analysis?
Which of the following is NOT considered a typical ethical consideration in research?
Which of the following is NOT considered a typical ethical consideration in research?
What is the primary purpose of the 'Results and Discussion' section in a research report?
What is the primary purpose of the 'Results and Discussion' section in a research report?
What might a researcher recommend based on the 'Results and Discussion' section?
What might a researcher recommend based on the 'Results and Discussion' section?
What is the primary purpose of the 'Framework of the Study' section in research?
What is the primary purpose of the 'Framework of the Study' section in research?
In qualitative research, what type of questions are typically formulated?
In qualitative research, what type of questions are typically formulated?
When defining terms in a research study, what kind of definition is crucial to include?
When defining terms in a research study, what kind of definition is crucial to include?
What is the first step to discuss in the 'Research Design' section?
What is the first step to discuss in the 'Research Design' section?
In the 'Significance of the Study' section, how should the beneficiaries typically be arranged?
In the 'Significance of the Study' section, how should the beneficiaries typically be arranged?
What is the term used to describe individuals providing data in a quantitative research design?
What is the term used to describe individuals providing data in a quantitative research design?
What is the purpose of the 'Research Locale' section in a research paper?
What is the purpose of the 'Research Locale' section in a research paper?
When selecting a framework for a study, what is the main difference between a concept and a theory?
When selecting a framework for a study, what is the main difference between a concept and a theory?
Flashcards
IMRAD
IMRAD
An acronym for Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion used in research papers.
Introduction
Introduction
First section of IMRAD detailing background, objectives, and significance of the study.
Methods
Methods
Section explaining research design, locale, participants, and data collection procedures.
Results and Discussion
Results and Discussion
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Review of Related Literature
Review of Related Literature
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Data Collection Procedure
Data Collection Procedure
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Research Instruments
Research Instruments
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Statistical Tools
Statistical Tools
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Ethical Consideration
Ethical Consideration
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Content Analysis
Content Analysis
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Framework of the Study
Framework of the Study
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Concept vs Theory
Concept vs Theory
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Statement of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
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Research Questions
Research Questions
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Significance of the Study
Significance of the Study
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Definition of Terms
Definition of Terms
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Research Design
Research Design
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Research Respondents/Participants
Research Respondents/Participants
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Study Notes
IMRAD Research Format
- IMRAD is an acronym for Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion
- The IMRAD format is crucial for structuring research papers
Introduction
- Background of the Study: Identifies the problem, focus, topic, or issue of the study. Provides the rationale for undertaking the study and supporting statements using literature. Avoids presenting opinions as fact without citations.
- Objectives: Defines the study's focus and what the study aims to achieve. Directly relates to the statement of the problem.
- Review of Related Literature: Covers literature and studies related to the investigated topic (e.g., books, research, articles). Includes at least four relevant sources, and critically assesses the sources.
- Framework of the Study (Conceptual or Theoretical Framework): Includes a choice between a concept or theory. Concepts are abstract ideas that can be drawn from authors or developed personally. Theories are long-standing philosophies or principles created by renowned theorists or authors. For quantitative research, use a research paradigm; for qualitative research, use a schematic diagram.
- Statement of the Problem/Research Questions: Quantitative: statements outlining the problem and its variables. Qualitative: open-ended questions addressing the identified factors in the study.
- Significance of the Study: Specifies who will benefit from the study and the type of benefit. Lists individuals and/or organizations and orders them by the level of benefit received.
- Definition of Terms: Defines terms used in the study. Definitions should be operational and explain how terms are used within the study. Definitions can be both lexical and operational combined.
Methods
- Research Design: Outlines the approach used (quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods). Presents the specific design (e.g., correlational, phenomenological).
- Research Locale: Describes where the study was conducted. Includes a narrative description and reasoning for selecting the location. A location map is optional.
- Research Respondents/Participants: Identifies the participants and rationale for selection, including the sampling technique employed. "Respondents" is used for quantitative studies; "participants" for qualitative studies.
- Data Collection Procedure: Describes the process used in gathering data, including relevant protocols. It may entail seeking permission from authorities.
- Research Instruments: Presents the instruments used (e.g., survey, questionnaire, interview guide). Indicates whether the instruments are researcher-made or standardized.
- Statistical Tools/Data Analysis: For quantitative research: details statistical tools for analyzing data. For qualitative research: outlines the method used for analyzing data (e.g., content analysis).
- Ethical Considerations: Emphasizes the importance of research ethics in qualitative research. Includes: securing endorsement letters from authorities, providing informed consent forms to participants, maintaining participant confidentiality and anonymity, and providing feedback regarding results.
Results and Discussion
- Results: Presents the results based on gathered data through using graphs or tables.
- Discussion: Analyses implications of the results.
- Recommendations: Presents recommendations based on identified weaknesses or gaps within the topic, issue, or problem.
Appendices
- References (APA Style): Includes references formatted according to APA style.
- Communications: Includes any accompanying communication materials.
- Questionnaire: Includes questionnaires used in the study.
- Modules: Includes any learning material used in the study.
- Interview Guide: Includes interview guides used in the study.
- Informed Consent Form: Includes informed consent forms for participants.
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