Importance of Ozone in Shielding Earth from UV Radiation

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Questions and Answers

What is an ecosystem?

  • A system consisting of rocks and minerals
  • A system consisting of both living organisms and non-living factors (correct)
  • A system consisting of only living organisms
  • A system consisting of only non-living factors

Which of the following is considered an abiotic component of an ecosystem?

  • Birds
  • Flowers
  • Insects
  • Temperature (correct)

How do living organisms interact within an ecosystem?

  • They interact with each other and with non-living factors (correct)
  • They don't interact, they live independently
  • They interact only with non-living factors
  • They interact only with other living organisms

Which of the following is an example of a living organism in an ecosystem?

<p>Grass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is maintaining a balance in nature important within an ecosystem?

<p>To ensure the survival and well-being of all organisms within the ecosystem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the physical factors that constitute abiotic components in an ecosystem?

<p>Temperature and rainfall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are enzymes specific in their action?

<p>They have a unique structure that only fits certain substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of burying waste material in a pit in the school garden?

<p>To observe changes in the waste materials over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text mention that we will not get any energy if we try to eat coal?

<p>Coal is not a food source for humans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why enzymes do not break down every substance we eat?

<p>Specificity in enzyme-substrate interaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of waste material is likely to change form and structure over time when buried?

<p>Kitchen waste like spoilt food and vegetable peels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of observing waste material at 15-day intervals after burying?

<p>To determine if the waste has decomposed completely (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ozone at the higher levels of the atmosphere?

<p>Shielding the Earth's surface from UV radiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is ozone formed at the higher levels of the atmosphere?

<p>Through the action of UV radiation on oxygen (O2) molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of the decrease in ozone levels in the atmosphere since the 1980s?

<p>Synthetic chemicals like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the impact of UV radiation on organisms?

<p>UV radiation can cause skin cancer in human beings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action did the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) take in 1987 regarding CFC production?

<p>Freezing CFC production at 1986 levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is now mandatory for all manufacturing companies regarding refrigerators?

<p>To make CFC-free refrigerators worldwide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the energy flow diagram in Figure 15.4 reveal about the flow of energy in an ecosystem?

<p>Energy diminishes progressively as it moves through trophic levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the energy that passes to the herbivores in an ecosystem?

<p>It is lost and does not come back to autotrophs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do harmful chemicals enter our bodies through the food chain?

<p>By being washed down into the soil or water bodies and eventually taken up by plants and animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant reason for water pollution, as discussed in the text?

<p>Use of pesticides and chemicals in agriculture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do non-degradable chemicals affect organisms at different trophic levels?

<p>They accumulate progressively at each trophic level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do human beings tend to have a higher concentration of harmful chemicals in their bodies compared to other organisms?

<p>Being at the top level of food chains, they accumulate chemicals present in lower trophic levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for introducing disposable cups on trains in the text?

<p>To improve hygiene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were kulhads (disposable cups made of clay) considered not feasible as an alternative to plastic cups according to the text?

<p>Making kulhads on a large scale would result in soil loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one environmental concern associated with the disposal of millions of disposable cups daily, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Contamination of groundwater sources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do disposable paper cups offer an advantage over disposable plastic cups according to the text?

<p>Biodegradability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might hazardous materials from electronic items affect the environment, based on the text?

<p>Cause pollution and harm ecosystems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do producers play in an ecosystem according to the text?

<p>Make energy from sunlight available to others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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