10 Questions
What is the main function of ozone in our atmosphere?
Absorbs UV radiation
What is the correct order of light waves from shortest wavelength to longest wavelength?
Infrared > Visible > Ultraviolet
Which atmospheric layer is affected by the ozone hole?
Stratosphere
What defines the identity of an element?
Number of protons
What contributes to the formation of the ozone hole?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
What is the relationship between stratospheric levels of atomic chlorine and the ozone hole?
As chlorine increases, ozone hole increases
What is responsible for the natural acidity of rain?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Why does ammonia act as a base in aqueous solution?
Ammonia removes protons from water, forming hydroxide ions
Which component of the atmosphere contributes to the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration due to human activities?
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
What does the pH of a solution measure?
Concentration of hydrogen ions
Study Notes
Importance of Ozone
- Ozone in the atmosphere is important because it absorbs some UV radiation
Light Wavelength
- Increasing wavelength of light goes in this order: Infrared > visible > ultraviolet
Atomic Structure
- The number of protons in an atom defines the element
- The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons only
- A neutral atom contains protons, neutrons, and electrons
Ozone Formation
- Ozone forms by combining an oxygen atom with an oxygen molecule
Concentration of Water Vapor
- 2.5% water vapor is equivalent to 25,000 ppm
Wave Characteristics
- Wavelength is the distance between successive peaks in a wave
- Frequency is the number of waves passing a fixed point in one second
Montreal Protocol
- The goal of the Montreal Protocol in 1987 was to eliminate the ozone hole
Ozone Hole
- The ozone hole is most prominent over Antarctica
- Chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) contribute to the ozone hole
- As chlorine levels increase, the ozone hole increases
- CFCs rise to the stratosphere and interact with UV energy to produce free radicals that destroy ozone
Atmospheric Layers
- The lowest layer of our atmosphere is not the stratosphere
Light and Color
- The color with the shortest wavelength in the rainbow is violet, not blue
- UV-C is the most energetic of the three forms of UV
pH and Acidity
- The pH of a solution is a measure of the concentration of H+ ions present
- Bases produce OH- ions in aqueous solution
- When concentration of H+ in aqueous solutions is bigger than the concentration of OH-, the pH of that solution is less than 7
Acid Rain
- SOx and NOx cause acid rain because they release protons (H+)
Air Quality Index
- The color used in the Air Quality Index to warn of hazardous levels is Maroon, not yellow
Air Pollutants
- Ozone is considered an air pollutant in the Troposphere but is a valuable protective layer in the Stratosphere
- N2 is not considered to be an air pollutant
- Carbon dioxide is more likely to be encountered in dangerous concentrations indoors rather than outdoors
Test your knowledge on atmospheric components, such as ozone, UV radiation, and water vapor concentrations. Questions include atomic number definitions and formation of ozone.
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