Importance of Keratin to Human Tissues
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of keratins in epithelial cells?

  • Regulate cell division
  • Provide energy to the cells
  • Transport molecules between cells
  • Impart mechanical strength (correct)

Which accessory protein bundles keratin to give skin toughness?

  • Actinin
  • Keratonetein (correct)
  • Myosin
  • Laminin

What type of diseases can mutations in keratins predispose individuals to?

  • Respiratory diseases
  • Brain disorders
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Dry skin diseases (correct)

In which disease do individuals experience skin blisters in response to slight mechanical stress?

<p>Epidermolysis bullosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is characterized by the disorganization of the keratin filament cytoskeleton due to mechanical stress?

<p>Epidermolysis bullosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neurofilaments (NFs) in determining axonal diameter?

<p>Incorporating subunits along the length of the axon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder can be caused by mutations in the plectin protein?

<p>Epidermolysis bullosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Plakins in the cytoskeleton?

<p>Linking intermediate filaments (IFs) to actin and microtubules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the speed of transmission in neurons?

<p>The level of neurofilament expression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is mentioned in association with both epidermolysis bullosa and neurodegeneration?

<p>Keratin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter range of Arp1 filaments, which are similar in size to actin filaments?

<p>8-11 nm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are intermediate filaments (IFs) prominent in the cytoplasm of cells subject to mechanical stress?

<p>IFs provide structural support and tensile strength to withstand mechanical stress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are intermediate filaments (IFs) related to nuclear lamins?

<p>Nuclear lamins are a type of intermediate filament found in the nucleus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main feature of the conserved α-helical domain in all intermediate filaments (IFs) that allows them to form extended coiled-coil structures?

<p>The α-helical domain allows IFs to form parallel dimers that associate into anti-parallel staggered tetramers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature that makes keratins the most diverse of the intermediate filament (IF) proteins?

<p>Keratins are the only IFs that have a heterodimeric filament subunit, with one acidic and one neutral/basic protein. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the anti-parallel staggered tetramers formed by intermediate filaments (IFs)?

<p>The tetramers provide the tensile strength and ability to be stretched to 3 times their usual length. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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