Implementing Digital Identities

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of considering security throughout the development process?

To avoid security vulnerabilities at the end of development (correct)

To improve user experience and performance

To ensure compliance with organizational security policies

To reduce development time and cost

Why is it important to understand how data is stored on devices and in the cloud?

To ensure data security and protect against theft (correct)

To improve user experience

To optimize application performance

To reduce data storage costs

What is the name of the OWASP resource that provides references for securing data storage on Android and iOS devices?

OWASP Threat Modeling

OWASP Web Top 10 List

OWASP Data Encryption Guide

OWASP Mobile Security Testing Guide (correct)

What is a key consideration when storing data in a phone's keychain?

Ensuring data is deleted when the application is uninstalled Signup and view all the answers

What makes an application vulnerable to attacks?

It uses weak or ineffective credential recovery and forgot-password processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of OWASP Threat Modeling?

To determine the priority of security requirements Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the OWASP resource that lists the top 10 security risks for mobile applications?

OWASP Mobile Top 10 List Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Session Management in digital identity implementation?

Maintaining the state of the user's authentication Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended way to prevent attacks on authentication systems?

Implementing MFA wherever possible Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Level 1 and Level 2 authentication assurance according to NIST 800-63b?

Level 1 requires passwords, while Level 2 requires Multi-Factor Authentication Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an enumeration attack?

A login form that tells you whether the username or password are wrong Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of C7 in digital identity implementation?

Processing access for specific requests Signup and view all the answers

Why are passwords alone becoming less secure?

Because they can be compromised by automated attacks Signup and view all the answers

What type of encryption is used in Level 3 authentication assurance according to NIST 800-63b?

Cryptographic based encryption Signup and view all the answers

What should be implemented to harden registration, credential recovery, and general API pathways?

Input validation and checks against enumeration attacks Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of C8 in digital identity implementation?

Protecting data everywhere Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended practice for password management?

Implementing weak-password checks Signup and view all the answers

What is a weakness in session management?

Exposing session IDs in URLs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of digital identity implementation in online transactions?

To verify the user's identity Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between authentication and access control?

Authentication verifies identity, while access control processes requests Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with default credentials?

Don't ship or deploy with any default credentials Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the unique representation of a user or object in online transactions?

Digital identity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Implementing Digital Identity

Digital identity refers to the unique representation of a user or object during an online transaction.
Authentication is the process of verifying an individual's or entity's identity, while session management maintains the state of the user's authentication.
The NIST 800-63b guideline outlines 3 levels of authentication assurance (AAL) for digital identities:
- Level 1: Lower-risk applications, requires passwords for authentication.
- Level 2: Requires Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) with a combination of:
  - Password or pin
  - Token or phone
  - Biometrics
- Level 3: Requires cryptographic-based authentication, providing proof of possession of a key through a cryptographic protocol.

Enforcing Access Controls

Access controls process access for specific requests, different from authentication which verifies identity.

Protecting Data Everywhere

Protecting data includes passwords, credit cards, health information, etc.
Key concepts include encryption in transit, at rest, and in use.
An application is vulnerable to attacks if:
- It allows automated, brute force, or default/weak passwords.
- It uses weak or ineffective credential recovery and forgot-password processes.
- It uses plain text passwords or weakly encrypted and hashed passwords.
- It has missing or ineffective MFA.
- It exposes session IDs in URLs or does not properly rotate/expire session IDs.

Recommendations for Protecting Data

Implement MFA wherever possible to add an extra layer of security.
Avoid shipping or deploying with default credentials.
Implement weak-password checks and enforce a certain password length.
Harden registration, credential recovery, and API pathways against enumeration attacks.

Data Storage and Privacy Requirements

Data used by mobile applications has unique security considerations.
Key concerns include:
- Protecting data on stolen mobile devices.
- Ensuring data stored in the phone's keychain is properly encrypted.
- Understanding how data is stored on devices and transferred/stored in the cloud.
The OWASP Mobile Security Testing Guide provides references for Android and iOS platforms.

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Description

Learn about digital identities, authentication, and session management in online transactions. Understand how to verify identities and maintain user state.