Imperialism and Industrial Revolution

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Why did industrialized countries practice imperialism?

To spread democracy to distant lands

To establish social welfare programs in colonies

To secure access to raw materials for increased production (correct)

To find solutions to overpopulation in Europe

What is the main characteristic of protectorates in the context of imperialism?

Not under considerable control of the ruling nation

Special economic relationships outlined in legal agreements

Fully controlled by European countries

Ruled by local leaders with foreign state support (correct)

In what way did colonies benefit European countries during the era of imperialism?

By limiting access to raw materials

By providing additional resources like land and jobs (correct)

By decreasing European wealth

By promoting isolationist policies

What was the purpose of spheres of influence in the context of imperialism?

To avoid interference in claimed territories Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances did European nations adopt direct rule in acquired territories?

When they aimed for rapid expansion Signup and view all the answers

What distinguished imperialism from other practices of countries in the Industrial Revolution era?

'Expand influence abroad' Signup and view all the answers

How did industrialization contribute to the practice of imperialism?

By increasing production and raw material demand Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary motivation for European countries to control distant lands during the era of imperialism?

To secure access to necessary resources Signup and view all the answers

Which rule type did the United Kingdom typically employ in its colonies?

Indirect rule, focusing on acquiring raw materials and leaving law enforcement to local leaders Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of European nations utilizing formal methods of control to expand their presence?

To rapidly expand their presence and secure access to raw materials Signup and view all the answers

How did industrialization contribute to European imperialism?

It provided European countries with improved technologies, enhancing their military and political powers Signup and view all the answers

Which ideology justified European domination as a natural process of human development?

Social Darwinism Signup and view all the answers

What was the main objective of the Berlin Conference in 1884?

To settle ownership claims in the Congo River Basin Signup and view all the answers

How did European colonization affect the trading power of the Ottoman Empire and Qing Dynasty?

It allowed European countries to establish additional colonies and expand influence in Asia Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of missionaries in European colonization efforts?

To spread Western customs, including Christianity and innovations in medicine and government Signup and view all the answers

What was the Scramble for Africa?

The sudden rush by European powers to claim African territories for resources and new markets Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the U.S. involvement in the Spanish-American War?

Cuba's struggle for independence Signup and view all the answers

Which territory did Spain cede to the U.S. as a result of the Spanish-American War?

Guam Signup and view all the answers

What did the acquisition of the Philippines signify for the United States?

Emergence as a world power Signup and view all the answers

What was the main justification for U.S. intervention in Latin American countries according to the Roosevelt Corollary?

To maintain internal stability Signup and view all the answers

How did the construction of the Panama Canal impact global trade?

It strengthened U.S. influence Signup and view all the answers

Which country declared independence from Colombia and was recognized by the U.S. as an independent nation?

Panama Signup and view all the answers

What act allowed the United States to acquire assets to build the Panama Canal?

Spooner Act Signup and view all the answers

What was one major concern among Americans about U.S. involvement in foreign territories after the Spanish-American War?

Corruption and inability to stand for freedom Signup and view all the answers

What triggered the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857-1858?

Introduction of rifle cartridges greased with pig lard Signup and view all the answers

How did British imperialism impact Indian society?

Introduced Western ideas and technology, leading to impoverished Indians Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the First Opium War (1839-1842) involving China?

British forces imposed the Treaty of Nanking on China Signup and view all the answers

How did the Monroe Doctrine impact Latin America?

Prohibited European nations from further colonizing the Western Hemisphere Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to the shift away from isolationism in the United States post-Civil War?

Increased wealth and military strength Signup and view all the answers

Why did wealthy countries colonize the Pacific islands?

Due to the availability of natural resources and trade route accessibility Signup and view all the answers

What was a major point of President James Monroe's doctrine of non-interference in European affairs?

Recognition of existing Western colonies Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose for Great Britain establishing trading outposts along the coast of India in the early 1700s?

To trade tea and other goods Signup and view all the answers

Which European power expanded its control in North Africa by conquering Algeria and making Morocco a protectorate?

France Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the decline of the Ottoman Empire that attracted European powers seeking control?

Corruption and changes in global trade routes Signup and view all the answers

Which African nation successfully modernized its weapons and defeated an invading European army at the Battle of Adwa in 1896?

Ethiopia Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the Berlin Conference's lack of African involvement in deciding the fate of Africa?

African leaders were not invited to participate in the conference Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the misunderstanding between European agents and African leaders regarding the signing of treaties of protection?

African leaders saw the treaties as agreements for negotiation, not granting total control Signup and view all the answers

Which European power established a sphere of influence in Persia (modern-day Iran) through the Anglo-Russian Convention?

Russia Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary effect of European imperialism on the Middle East in terms of infrastructure development?

European countries invested in building infrastructure like railways, roads, and canals to facilitate trade and travel in the region Signup and view all the answers