Imperialism and Accumulation Concepts

A process where capitalism's accumulation of capital is secured through forceful dispossession of resources, labor, or land. It involves the violent separation of people from their means of subsistence and the subsequent reappropriation of these assets into the capitalist system.

The tendency for capitalism, in its drive for profit accumulation, to reach a point where it can no longer expand through the traditional means of production. This often leads to crises and necessitates new forms of spatial or temporal fixes to continue accumulating capital.

Strategies employed by capitalism to circumvent overaccumulation crises by spatial expansion or modifications to the temporal aspects of capital accumulation, such as accelerating production cycles or introducing new financial instruments.

A period marked by intense European colonialism, where the European bourgeoisie sought to establish a global political order, often through the use of military force and exploitation of colonized territories.This period saw the rise of a global capitalist system.

The pursuit of self-sufficiency and economic independence by a state, often driven by protectionist policies and aimed at reducing reliance on international trade.

A type of imperialism characterized by the integration of the world economy through open flows of capital, commodities, and information.

A type of imperialism marked by closed economic systems, trade barriers, and geopolitical conflicts between major powers vying for control over resources and markets.

A period characterized by conflict between the major powers, which led to two world wars in the 20th century. It arose from the tensions and competition within the closed system of imperialism, where countries sought to solidify their dominance.

A global system of economic and political dominance, established after World War II, led by the United States, aiming to prevent conflicts among major capitalist powers and manage overaccumulation.

The US, in its role as the sole capitalist superpower, exerted control over the global capitalist system after World War II, utilizing military and economic power during the Cold War.

The strategy of expanding capitalism to encompass more geographical areas, particularly through decolonization and promoting 'developmentalism' in newly independent nations.

US support for the formation of the European Union (EU), intended to foster a stronger and integrated European capitalist bloc.

The period of strong economic growth and expanded reproduction throughout the capitalist world after World War II, characterized by increased production, consumption, and employment.

The US economic strategy of managing the global capitalist system through financial power and institutions, particularly after the breakdown of the previous system around 1970.

A policy implemented by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to impose economic reforms on struggling nations, often leading to privatization, deregulation, and cuts in social spending.

The period of heightened global financial volatility and instability, characterized by speculative activity, financial crises, and the rise of powerful financial institutions.

The 1997 financial crisis that impacted Southeast Asian economies, triggered by speculative attacks on Thai and Indonesian currencies, exacerbated by IMF policies.

The phenomenon of capital flowing freely across borders, reducing national control over financial markets and increasing global interconnectedness.

The process of transferring public assets and services to private ownership, often characterized by deregulation and market-based solutions.

The expansion of cross-border trade and investment, driven by globalization and the removal of trade barriers.

The growing influence and dominance of financial markets, institutions, and activities in the global economy, shaping economic outcomes.

The conflict between different social classes over how the benefits of economic expansion are distributed.

A period characterized by economic instability, marked by dramatic shifts in financial markets and power dynamics, driven by globalization and financialization.

A dominant economic and political model promoted by the US and its allies in the 1990s, prioritizing free market principles, deregulation, and privatization.

The process of increasing the importance and influence of finance in the economy, often at the expense of traditional sectors.

The idea that major capitalist powers can cooperate peacefully to manage global economic affairs, potentially leading to stability and shared growth.

The ability of a dominant power to control and influence other nations through economic, political, and cultural means.

A situation where a country's imports exceed its exports, leading to a deficit in its balance of payments.

A condition where a country owes more to other countries than it is owed, typically reflecting imbalances in trade and investment.

The process of transitioning away from a state-controlled economy towards a market-based economy, often involving privatization of public assets and deregulation.

A group of the world's major industrialized nations, often acting as a forum for economic cooperation and coordination.

A social movement opposing the processes of globalization, particularly its economic and political consequences.

Large multinational corporations operating across national borders, challenging traditional notions of national sovereignty.

A system of economic governance that aims to regulate and manage global finance, often associated with the IMF and World Bank.

A strategy where a nation uses military force to control global resources and maintain economic dominance.

The idea that a nation should focus on internal economic growth, like investing in infrastructure and education, rather than external expansion.

The idea that the US government should heavily regulate and direct the economy to achieve specific goals, like reviving manufacturing.

The political and economic ideology that favors free markets, minimal government intervention, and privatization.

A policy of reducing government spending, often by cutting social programs and raising taxes.

The process of a nation's currency losing value compared to other currencies.

The idea that East Asia, particularly China, is becoming the center of global economic power, shifting away from the US.

The process of developing a self-sufficient economy within a region, reducing reliance on external markets.

A strategy to exert economic influence and control over other countries by manipulating oil supplies.

A concept describing the relationship between developed and less developed countries, where the former exploits the latter for resources and cheap labor.

The process of a nation using force or coercion to impose its norms and values on other countries.

The idea that the United States is using its military might to maintain its global power and control over resources.

A strategy of using economic and military dominance to extract resources and profit from other countries.

The idea that a country's internal policies and actions can directly affect its ability to engage in imperialism abroad. For example, suppressing civil liberties at home might be needed to maintain military power overseas.

The practice of using military force to preemptively attack other nations, often without clear justification or provocation. This strategy is frequently used to justify imperial actions.

A situation where a country's economic growth relies on expanding production, increasing resources, and exploiting new markets. It emphasizes growth and expansion.

Economic stagnation, characterized by declining economic activity, deflation, and possibly a fall in production. It is often a consequence of limited opportunities for growth.

A shift in global economics where the focus is on taking resources from other countries instead of expanding one's own production. This often leads to increased inequality.

The United States is increasingly relying on its military power as its dominance in production and finance weakens. This creates a unique geopolitical situation.

New forms of resistance against the exploitation and inequalities caused by imperialism and accumulation by dispossession are emerging. These struggles are focused on social justice and combating the exploitation of resources.

The potential for a new world order where globalization is based on social well-being, humanitarian goals, and more equitable distribution of wealth. It opposes the current exploitative system.

The idea that a system that relies heavily on accumulating wealth through dispossession will ultimately lead to greater inequality and conflict. This is a major challenge to the current global system.

The ability to accumulate wealth through financial and monetary dominance, often through control of currencies or trade.

A global economic model where wealth is concentrated in a few powerful centers while leaving other areas underdeveloped. This often fuels inequality and conflict.

The potential for the US to use its military superiority to dominate other nations, especially during times of global recession, creating a global economic and political landscape with significant influence.

The potential for the US to become an overt imperial power, controlling nations and resources through military force, potentially leading to conflict and instability.