Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the relevance of recognizing psychological factors in relation to oral health?
What is the relevance of recognizing psychological factors in relation to oral health?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized responsibility of the dental team?
Which of the following is NOT a recognized responsibility of the dental team?
How may mental health disorders impact the delivery of dental care?
How may mental health disorders impact the delivery of dental care?
Which of the following is a key learning outcome of understanding mental health disorders in dental care?
Which of the following is a key learning outcome of understanding mental health disorders in dental care?
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What kind of findings might be recognized in patients with mental health disorders during a dental examination?
What kind of findings might be recognized in patients with mental health disorders during a dental examination?
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In the context of systemic disease, how are mental health disorders viewed?
In the context of systemic disease, how are mental health disorders viewed?
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How should dental professionals address different patient needs during treatment?
How should dental professionals address different patient needs during treatment?
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What is one of the implications of diet on oral health mentioned in the context of mental health disorders?
What is one of the implications of diet on oral health mentioned in the context of mental health disorders?
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Which of the following is NOT a symptom of manic episodes?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of manic episodes?
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What type of therapy is commonly used for managing PTSD?
What type of therapy is commonly used for managing PTSD?
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Which of the following symptoms is associated with PTSD?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with PTSD?
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What is a common characteristic of schizophrenia?
What is a common characteristic of schizophrenia?
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Which medication is commonly used to treat PTSD?
Which medication is commonly used to treat PTSD?
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What defines Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
What defines Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
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Which of the following is a potential consequence of schizophrenia?
Which of the following is a potential consequence of schizophrenia?
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Which type of therapy is often used in managing long-term manic episodes?
Which type of therapy is often used in managing long-term manic episodes?
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What is a common physical symptom of PTSD?
What is a common physical symptom of PTSD?
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Which of the following is associated with both depression and anxiety disorders?
Which of the following is associated with both depression and anxiety disorders?
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What is a recommended approach to enhance communication with patients?
What is a recommended approach to enhance communication with patients?
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Which of the following is a suitable way to accommodate autistic patients during appointments?
Which of the following is a suitable way to accommodate autistic patients during appointments?
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Which side effect of medications could significantly affect oral cavity health?
Which side effect of medications could significantly affect oral cavity health?
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What is a potential barrier to accessing dental care for patients?
What is a potential barrier to accessing dental care for patients?
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During patient management, what is essential to do at each visit?
During patient management, what is essential to do at each visit?
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Which of the following is NOT an additional consideration for patient management?
Which of the following is NOT an additional consideration for patient management?
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What should be done if concerns arise regarding a patient’s well-being?
What should be done if concerns arise regarding a patient’s well-being?
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Which medication is known for causing dry mouth as a side effect?
Which medication is known for causing dry mouth as a side effect?
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What percentage of the global population is estimated to suffer from a mental health disorder?
What percentage of the global population is estimated to suffer from a mental health disorder?
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Which mental health disorder is reported as the most common in the world?
Which mental health disorder is reported as the most common in the world?
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What is the most common mental disorder in Britain?
What is the most common mental disorder in Britain?
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Which is NOT considered a determinant of mental health and disorders?
Which is NOT considered a determinant of mental health and disorders?
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Which physical health condition is linked with an increased risk of mental health problems?
Which physical health condition is linked with an increased risk of mental health problems?
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What is a common characteristic of depression?
What is a common characteristic of depression?
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Which treatment is NOT typically associated with anxiety management?
Which treatment is NOT typically associated with anxiety management?
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What percentage of the UK population lives with one or more long-term conditions?
What percentage of the UK population lives with one or more long-term conditions?
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People experiencing high levels of anxiety may avoid which of the following?
People experiencing high levels of anxiety may avoid which of the following?
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What is a characteristic of bipolar disorder?
What is a characteristic of bipolar disorder?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding mental health management?
Which of the following statements is true regarding mental health management?
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Exposure to which of the following is considered a contributing factor to mental disorders?
Exposure to which of the following is considered a contributing factor to mental disorders?
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Which group of individuals are at increased risk for developing mental health issues?
Which group of individuals are at increased risk for developing mental health issues?
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What are the three primary elements of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
What are the three primary elements of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
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Which of the following is NOT a common sign of Anorexia Nervosa?
Which of the following is NOT a common sign of Anorexia Nervosa?
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Which treatment is commonly used for managing Bulimia Nervosa?
Which treatment is commonly used for managing Bulimia Nervosa?
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What is a common long-term effect of Anorexia Nervosa?
What is a common long-term effect of Anorexia Nervosa?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of autistic spectrum disorder?
Which of the following is a characteristic of autistic spectrum disorder?
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Which medication class is commonly used to treat OCD?
Which medication class is commonly used to treat OCD?
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What condition involves cycles of bingeing and purging?
What condition involves cycles of bingeing and purging?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of eating disorder?
Which of the following is NOT a type of eating disorder?
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What does MHD stand for in the context of patient management?
What does MHD stand for in the context of patient management?
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Individuals with OCD may exhibit which of the following?
Individuals with OCD may exhibit which of the following?
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What is a potential long-term effect of Bulimia Nervosa?
What is a potential long-term effect of Bulimia Nervosa?
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Why is it important to create a non-judgemental safe environment for patients with MHD?
Why is it important to create a non-judgemental safe environment for patients with MHD?
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How should dental management be approached for patients with MHD?
How should dental management be approached for patients with MHD?
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What is one key aspect of the presentation of MHD?
What is one key aspect of the presentation of MHD?
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Which of the following statements about MHD is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about MHD is incorrect?
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What can contribute to the challenges in managing patients with MHD?
What can contribute to the challenges in managing patients with MHD?
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What should be the primary consideration when developing patient management strategies for MHD?
What should be the primary consideration when developing patient management strategies for MHD?
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Which resource would best assist in understanding anxiety, depression, and stress related to MHD?
Which resource would best assist in understanding anxiety, depression, and stress related to MHD?
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Study Notes
Mental Health Disorders Overview
- Mental health disorders (MHD) affect approximately 13% of the global population (around 971 million people)
- Anxiety is the most common mental illness, affecting 284 million worldwide
- Depression affects an estimated 264 million, with women more affected
- MHD prevalence in the UK: Mixed anxiety and depression is most common, affecting 7.8% of the population.
- 1 in 4 people in England experience a mental health issue annually.
- Depression rates have doubled since the COVID-19 pandemic.
Types of Mental Health Disorders
- Anxiety: A natural human response, becoming a disorder when consistently impacting daily life. Characterized by avoidance of situations, distressing worries, strong and long-lasting anxiety feelings, or fears out of proportion.
- Depression: Lasting 4-10% of the population experience, involving sadness, loss of interest/pleasure, disturbed sleep/appetite, tiredness, and poor concentration.
- Bipolar Disorder: Affects 45 million worldwide, characterized by cycles of manic and depressive episodes
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Develops after traumatic events, like fear for life, witnessing harm, or surviving disaster. Symptoms include reliving aspects of events, avoiding similar situations, feeling on edge, and developing beliefs or feelings of difficulty.
- Schizophrenia: A severe disorder impacting 20 million worldwide. Characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self, and behavior. Psychotic episodes may include hallucinations and delusions.
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Affects 1-2% of the population. A complex disorder with obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.
- Feeding and Eating Disorders: Characterized by abnormal eating behaviors that are not attributable to other conditions and are not culturally acceptable. Examples include anorexia/bulimia nervosa, characterized by extreme weight control and bingeing/purging.
Management Strategies
- Diverse, tailored approach
- Talking Therapies: CBT, Psychodynamic therapy, Family interventions, IPT, Focal psychodynamic therapy.
- Medication: Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, others), antipsychotics, other medications (beta blockers, benzodiazepines).
- Self-directed support: Workbooks, online programs, support groups.
Dental Implications and Patient Management
- MHD often coexist with other chronic illnesses.
- Management needs tailoring to individual patients and conditions.
- Build rapport and trust with patients: Consider language, delivery of message, environment, empathy, support, and avoid pre-conceived ideas/stereotyping.
- Acknowledge possible barriers to care, such as stigma, avoidance, socio-economic disadvantages, and isolation.
- Consider different needs for autistic patients, such as scheduled appointments, quiet spaces during visits.
- Understand that medication side effects can affect oral health. Side effects like dry mouth, altered taste, and vomiting may need management.
- Include considerations for smoking, alcohol, substance misuse, tooth wear, oral appearance, caries, self neglect, reduced motivation, avoidance, and other health conditions.
- Raising concerns: If you have concerns about a patient's mental health or they disclose information, talk to a senior colleague or safeguarding lead.
Resources
- Contact details of various mental health charities and support groups
Further Readings
- Provide reading materials for further information on respective topics.
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