4. Digitally-extended mind / Psychological Meltdown
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Questions and Answers

Why does the use of digital devices reduce cognitive performance when users are not using them?

  • Digital devices take a small portion of users attention that nonetheless distracts them, making it harder to concentrate.
  • Digital devices take on a small portion of cognitive work, causing the brain to focus on peripheral task thus loosing concentration on the main one.
  • Digital devices take on a large portion of cognitive work, causing the brain to unlearn how to perform those tasks. (correct)

What of the following tools do not extend the mind digitally?

  • Compass (correct)
  • GPS app
  • Grammar prompter
  • Search engine

Which of the following describes the reading experience before the 13th century?

  • Spaces between words were prevalent, making reading accessible.
  • Readers had no difficulty in deciphering where one word ended and the next one began.
  • Reading was akin to solving a puzzle, demanding substantial cognitive effort. (correct)
  • The use of punctuation marks made reading even more challenging.

Which type of memory holds our immediate impressions, sensations, and thoughts?

<p>Short-term memory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enables information transfer into long-term memory?

<p>Focused attention enables the information to be transferred into long-term memory, forging the vital associations required for creating schemas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can hinder the transition from short-term working memory to long-term fixed memory?

<p>A fragmented and rapid influx of information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does engaging with digital media affect the brain's operation?

<p>Forces the brain to operate as if it were solving a puzzle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism underlies the dopamine-driven addiction associated with digital devices, particularly social media?

<p>Dopamine is released through a &quot;variable reward reinforcement&quot; mechanism, similar to gambling, where each interaction can trigger a potential reward. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do social media platforms promote the "addiction to distraction"?

<p>The dopamine mechanism encourages a continuous search for new, brief stimuli, activating short-term memory and reinforcing the desire for immediate rewards. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when schema formation is lacking?

<p>The lack of schema formation hinders the contextualization and relevance of new information. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Digital Device Impact on Cognition

Digital devices reduce cognitive performance even when not used, as the brain unlearns tasks it now delegates to devices.

Non-Digital Mind Extender

A tool that does not use digital technology to augment mental capabilities.

Pre-13th Century Reading

Reading before the 13th century required significant mental effort, akin to puzzle-solving.

Short-Term Memory

Mental storage for immediate impressions and thoughts.

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Long-Term Memory Transfer

Focused attention and association enable information to be stored permanently in long-term memory.

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Short-Term Memory Hinderance

Rapid, fragmented information inflow prevents transfer to long-term memory.

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Digital Media Brain Impact

Digital media require the brain to function as if solving a puzzle.

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Dopamine Addiction Mechanism

Variable reward reinforcement, similar to gambling, drives dopamine release in digital use.

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Social Media Addiction

Continuous search for new stimuli and instant rewards via short-term memory is promoted.

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Schema Formation Lack

Lack of schema formation makes new information seem irrelevant or uncontextualized.

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Cognitive Offloading

Turning over tasks that were once performed mentally to technological tools.

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Variable Reward Reinforcement

A reward system with inconsistent timing and uncertain payoff.

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Information Contextualization

Understanding new information by relating it to existing knowledge, schemas.

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Schema Formation

The process of organizing and connecting new information with prior knowledge in memory.

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Focused Attention

Concentrating on a single source of information, enabling successful transfer into long-term memory.

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Working Memory

A temporary storage system for information actively processed.

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