Conflict Adaptation and Cognitive Performance Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Define cognitive control as per Miller & Cohen (2001)

The capacity to orchestrate thought and action in accordance with internal goals

What is the process of inhibition in cognitive control?

The ability to deliberately suppress irrelevant or unwanted actions or thoughts

Explain error monitoring in cognitive control

The process of detecting and responding to errors or discrepancies in one's actions or the environment

What does multi-tasking involve in cognitive control?

<p>Managing and executing multiple tasks simultaneously or switching between tasks efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of planning in cognitive control

<p>The ability to formulate, represent, and maintain a sequence of actions to achieve a goal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is attention selection in cognitive control?

<p>The ability to focus on relevant stimuli while ignoring distractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method can be used to quantify the impact of cognitive conflict on performance?

<p>Measuring error rates or response times</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define Conflict Adaptation.

<p>The process by which the cognitive system adjusts to minimize the impact of conflict over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are cited for their contributions to understanding Conflict Adaptation?

<p>Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1992)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Conflict Monitoring Theory (CMT) propose?

<p>That cognitive conflict is monitored and resolved through a series of interconnected neural processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of a Congruent Trial.

<p>In a congruent trial, neurons representing the congruent response fire to execute the correct response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe an Incongruent Trial.

<p>In an incongruent trial, neurons representing both the congruent and incongruent responses are activated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of working memory and goal maintenance?

<p>Holding and manipulating information in mind over short periods to guide behavior according to the desired goal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define cognitive conflict and explain why it can lead to errors.

<p>Cognitive conflict arises when there's interference between conflicting pieces of evidence or responses, capturing attention and potentially leading to incorrect decisions or actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the Stroop Task and its purpose in measuring cognitive abilities.

<p>The Stroop Task involves naming the color of a word presented, which can be congruent or incongruent, testing the ability to suppress automatic reading responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Simon Task evaluate in individuals?

<p>The ability to suppress the urge to make a movement that is spatially congruent with a stimulus when such a response is incorrect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the purpose of the Eriksen Flanker Task and what it measures.

<p>The Eriksen Flanker Task requires responding to a central stimulus while ignoring flanking stimuli to assess the ability to suppress the influence of irrelevant stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Go/No-Go Task designed to measure?

<p>The ability to withhold a response in the presence of certain stimuli (No-Go) and execute a response in the presence of other stimuli (Go).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cognitive Control

  • Defined by Miller & Cohen (2001) as the ability to flexibly regulate thoughts and actions in response to changing goals and environmental demands.

Inhibition in Cognitive Control

  • Inhibition refers to the process of suppressing responses that are inappropriate or irrelevant to ongoing tasks, helping to prevent distractions.

Error Monitoring

  • Involves detecting and correcting errors during cognitive tasks. It enhances performance by allowing adjustments and adaptations in response to mistakes.

Multi-tasking

  • In cognitive control, multi-tasking involves managing multiple streams of information or tasks, requiring rapid switching of attention and prioritization of tasks.

Role of Planning

  • Planning is essential for cognitive control as it organizes actions and resources towards achieving specific goals, facilitating better decision-making.

Attention Selection

  • Attention selection is the ability to focus on relevant stimuli while ignoring others, enhancing task performance by filtering out distractions.

Quantifying Cognitive Conflict

  • Techniques such as reaction time measurements and accuracy scores can quantify the impact of cognitive conflict on performance outcomes.

Conflict Adaptation

  • Refers to the phenomenon where individuals become more adept at managing conflict after experiencing it, leading to improved performance on subsequent tasks.

Contributors to Conflict Adaptation

  • Notable figures include Botvinick, Braver, and Barch, who have significantly advanced the understanding of how adaptation occurs in response to cognitive conflicts.

Conflict Monitoring Theory (CMT)

  • Proposes that cognitive systems constantly monitor for conflicts and adjust cognitive control mechanisms accordingly to optimize performance.

Congruent Trial

  • A trial where stimuli align with the correct response, facilitating easier processing and faster reaction times.

Incongruent Trial

  • A trial where stimuli do not match the expected response, creating cognitive conflict and typically resulting in slower reaction times and higher error rates.

Working Memory and Goal Maintenance

  • Main functions are to hold and manipulate information temporarily, allowing individuals to stay focused on goals and tasks effectively.

Cognitive Conflict

  • Defined as a situation where competing responses or information create challenges in task performance, often leading to errors due to processing interference.

Stroop Task

  • Designed to measure cognitive abilities by presenting color words printed in incongruent colors, assessing the influence of cognitive conflict on processing speed and accuracy.

Simon Task

  • Evaluates spatial attention and response inhibition. It tests how individuals manage conflicting spatial cues in relation to their responses.

Eriksen Flanker Task

  • Aims to measure selective attention and response inhibition by assessing how distractions (flankers) affect accurate and timely responses to target stimuli.

Go/No-Go Task

  • Designed to measure impulse control and the ability to suppress responses. It examines how well individuals can inhibit their reactions in situations requiring self-control.

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Related Documents

Conflict Monitoring and Cognitive Control PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on conflict adaptation and its impact on cognitive performance, including methods like measuring error rates and response times. Explore concepts such as task-switching, incongruent trials, and the contributions of Gratton, Coles, & Donchin (1992) in understanding conflict monitoring.

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