Impact of Chilli Leaf Curl Virus on Fruit Yield

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the reported range of yield losses due to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) infection in tomatoes?

34% to 55%

28.9% to 92.3%

17.6% to 99.7% (correct)

6.4% to 100%

Which of the following viral diseases have caused significant losses in pepper and chili crops globally?

Tobacco etch virus and tobacco leaf curl virus

TYLCV, ToLCNDV, and TLCV

Pepper veinal necrosis virus and bunchy top disease

CMV, PVY, TMV, and TEV (correct)

What was the estimated economic loss due to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in the Dominican Republic during 1989-1995?

About $50 million (correct)

$80 million to $450 million

No specific economic loss was mentioned

Over $10 million

What is the only begomovirus that does not have transboundary movement restrictions across Asia and Europe?

Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) Signup and view all the answers

What was the reported range of yield losses due to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) infection in tomatoes in different countries?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of fruit yield losses in chillies due to chilli leaf curl virus during the summer season?

20% to 80% Signup and view all the answers

What was the reduction in yield of capsicum cv. Yolo Wonder when infected 36 weeks after transplanting?

47% Signup and view all the answers

What was the range of yield losses due to pepper veinal mosaic virus?

46% to 90% Signup and view all the answers

What was the range of yield loss caused by the Italian pepper mosaic virus?

50% to 70% Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum yield loss that can occur when chillies are infected with leaf curl within 3-4 weeks after transplantation?

90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated average yield loss percentage due to PLRV in Washington State during 1959?

$3-$4 million Signup and view all the answers

Which type of virus is known as one of the most devastating diseases of potatoes worldwide?

PLRV Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated range of yield loss percentage for susceptible Indian potato varieties according to the text?

50%-60% Signup and view all the answers

In which region did potato crops suffering from several viral diseases lead to an estimated loss of 1 million tons per annum?

Southern part of England Signup and view all the answers

According to Nagaich (1975), what is the estimated range of yield losses due to severe viruses in potatoes?

80%-95% Signup and view all the answers

Which virus causes the most yield loss in potatoes worldwide?

Potato virus Y Signup and view all the answers

What is the main impact of GBNV on potato tuber yield in India?

Reduction in potato tuber yield up to 29% Signup and view all the answers

Which region experienced PVX infection in more than 90% of the potatoes grown?

Australia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of tomato plants infected with ToMoV?

Bronzing of fruits Signup and view all the answers

Which virus was reported to limit tomato production in South Florida?

Beet curly top virus (BCTV) Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated range of yield losses due to PVY in potato crops?

40% to 85% Signup and view all the answers

Which virus was considered one of the most devastating diseases of potatoes worldwide?

PLRV Signup and view all the answers

According to Hoyman (1963), what were the losses estimated in Washington State due to PLRV in 1959?

$3 to $4 million Signup and view all the answers

What was the reported reduction in plant height in the cardinal potato variety due to PLRV according to Verhocks (1965)?

58.43% Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical range of yield loss percentage for susceptible Indian potato varieties?

50% to 60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the reported range of yield losses due to PVY infection in potatoes worldwide?

Up to 80% Signup and view all the answers

How much did PVX infection reduce the yield in cv.Eva in Brazil?

25% Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of diseased fruits was reported due to TMV infection at the stage when most of the fruits were set?

19% to 33% Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated range of yield loss percentage for PVS-infected seed compared to virus-free seeds?

3% lower Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum financial loss estimated due to whitefly-transmitted tomato mottle virus (ToMoV)?

$140 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of yield losses due to TLCV infection in tomatoes?

Between 28.9% and 92.3% Signup and view all the answers

What was the yield loss percentage due to TEV infection in cv. Placero Lobulado?

55% Signup and view all the answers

How much economic loss due to TYLCV was estimated in the Dominican Republic during 1989-1995?

$50 million Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of yield losses due to ToLCNDV infection in tomatoes?

Between 17.6% and 99.7% Signup and view all the answers

What was the average annual losses from TMV, CMV, TEV, and PVY in the United States for the period 1951-60?

1.0%, 1.0%, 0.5%, and 0.5% respectively Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of yield loss was observed in capsicum cv. Yolo Wonder when infected 3-6 weeks after transplanting?

47% Signup and view all the answers

In which region did a chilli leaf curl disease epidemic occur in 2004 with an incidence of 14%-100%?

Jodhpur, Rajasthan Signup and view all the answers

During which cropping season did Kapoor record yield losses up to 100% in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in Himachal Pradesh, India?

2003-04 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of yield loss was reported in Indian chilli production when infected with leaf curl within 3-4 weeks after transplantation?

Up to 90% Signup and view all the answers

What was the range of yield reduction observed in pepper veinal mosaic virus infections?

46% - 90% Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Yield Losses due to Plant Viruses

PLRV is one of the most devastating diseases of potatoes worldwide, causing up to 80% yield losses.
In India, Bangladesh, Egypt, Canada, and Scotland, PLRV reduces yield from 20.0% to 98.0%.
In Shimla hills, five strains of PVY were identified, causing up to 60%-75% yield losses.
In Australia, PVX infection has been seen in more than 90% of potatoes, with estimated losses of $1,750,000 a year.

Potato Virus A and X Strains

Cause serious yield losses, ranging from 20% to 89% and 75% in Brazil, India, and Australia.
In Brazil, potato virus A reduced yield by an average of 25% in cv. Eva and 22.4%-31.3% in cv. Rajka.

Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus (GBNV)

Causes potato stem necrosis disease, reducing potato tuber yields up to 29% in India.

Potato Virus Y (PVY)

One of the most economically important viruses of potatoes worldwide, including India, causing up to 80% yield losses.
In Shimla hills, five strains of PVY were identified, causing up to 60%-75% yield losses.

Alfalfa Mosaic Virus

Causes yield losses in potatoes in India, with few reports available.

Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (TLCV-New Delhi)

Recorded in potatoes, reducing tuber yields up to 29% in India.
Plants infected with TLCV prior to tuberization show a high level of transmission in plants (98%) and in tubers (97%).

Tomato

Various viruses, such as TLCV, TMV, TBSV, TYLCV, BCTV, and TSWV, cause severe losses to tomato crops.
In South Florida, a virus complex, including mosaic and curly top viruses, was reported as a limiting factor for tomato production.
In the United Kingdom, TMV infection caused losses, with diseased fruits ranging from 19% to 33%.
Maximum financial loss affecting fruit quality is reported when the infection occurs at the stage when most of the fruits were set.

Chilli/Pepper

Viral diseases such as CMV, PVY, TMV, TEV, pepper veinal necrosis, and tobacco leaf curl virus cause numerous losses in pepper and chilli crops.
In India, chilli leaf curl virus causes yield losses from 20% to 80% in summer and 20% to 74% in winter.
Pepper veinal mosaic virus causes yield losses of 46%-90%, depending on the time of inoculation.### Tomato Viral Diseases
Tom GV1 and Tom GV2 viruses have caused crop losses of up to 100% (Polston and Anderson, 1997)
Tomato pepino mosaic virus has caused 20-40% of losses in glass houses and fields (Soler et al., 2000)
TLCV infection has resulted in reduced tomato outcomes, with losses ranging from 28.9% to 92.3%, depending on the crop stage (Sastry and Singh, 1973)
Bunchy top disease has caused 34% yield loss in Nigeria (Ladipo, 1973)
Tobacco etch virus (TEV) infection has resulted in 55% yield loss in cv. Placero Lobulado (Fernandez and Goborjanyi, 1978)
TYLCV has caused severe losses of yield, making it economically important worldwide
TYLCV has caused yield losses of up to 100% in the Dominican Republic, with estimated losses of over $10 million (Gilbertson et al., 2007)
TYLCV has caused yield reductions of 63-80% at different periods of inoculation after transplantation in Lebanon (Mazyad et al., 1979; Makkouk et al., 1979)
Average perceived yield losses due to TYLCV in tomatoes are up to 40% in Malawi, 50% in Kenya, 75% in Tanzania, and 100% in Sudan (CIAT, 1998)
Economic losses in tomato crops due to TYLCV in the Dominican Republic during 1989-1995 were estimated at about $50 million (Polston and Anderson, 1997)

Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV)

ToLCNDV is a begomovirus that causes leaf curl disease in tomatoes in India
ToLCNDV is widespread in all Asian, North African, and Southern European countries
Yield losses due to ToLCNDV range from 17.6% to 99.7%, depending on the time of infection, disease incidence, and severity (Butter and Rataul, 1981; Kalloo, 1996)
Infection at 30 days after transplanting has caused 92.3% losses (Sastry and Singh, 1973)

Chilli/Pepper Viral Diseases

Viral diseases such as CMV, PVY, TMV, TEV, pepper veinal necrosis, and tobacco leaf curl virus have caused numerous losses in pepper and chilli crops worldwide
Average annual losses from TMV, CMV, TEV, and PVY in the United States from 1951-1960 were 1.0%, 1.0%, 0.5%, and 0.5%, respectively (USDA, 1965)
Fruit yield losses in chillies due to chilli leaf curl virus ranged from 20% to 80% in the summer season and 20% to 74% in the winter season in India (Saha et al., 2005)
Yield losses due to pepper veinal mosaic virus ranged from 46% to 90%, depending on the time of inoculation (Lamptey and Bonsi, 1977)
Yield losses due to pepper vein banding mosaic virus were up to 50% (Simons, 1956)
Italian pepper mosaic virus caused a yield loss of 50-70% in pepper (Ajroldi, 1939)
Chilli leaf curl disease has caused significant losses in Indian chilli production, with yield losses reaching up to 90% and fruit quality severely impacted (Senanayake et al., 2007)

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the research findings regarding the impact of Chilli Leaf Curl Virus on chilli fruit yield during different seasons. Learn about the varying percentage losses reported due to virus infections in different studies.