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Immunology: The Immune System and Antibodies

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Immunology: The Immune System and Antibodies

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the immune system?

To produce antigens

To respond to non-infectious substances

To defend against infectious microbes (correct)

To produce immunoglobulins

What type of protein recognizes and binds specifically to an antigen?

Hapten

Antigen

Immunogen

Immunoglobulin (correct)

What is the term for the chemical groups on an antigen molecule that determine its immunogenicity?

Haptens

Immunogens

Epitopes

Antigenic determinants (correct)

What is an antigen that is too small to induce an immune response on its own?

Hapten Signup and view all the answers

What is the coordinated reaction of the immune system against infections and other foreign substances?

Immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the class of proteins that make up antibodies?

Immunoglobulins Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the innate immune system?

It has a rapid response, occurring within minutes or hours Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are involved in the adaptive immune system?

T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and Dendritic cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of antibodies in the immune response?

To neutralize pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of defects in the innate or adaptive immune systems?

Autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency disorders, and hypersensitivity reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the innate and adaptive immune systems?

The degree of specificity Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

It is a slow, antigen-dependent response Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune response?

To regulate inflammatory and immune responses Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the complement system?

To clear pathogens from an organism and promote healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the proteins produced by leukocytes that affect other leukocytes?

Interleukins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?

Innate immunity is non-specific, while adaptive immunity is specific Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of interleukins in the immune response?

To regulate the activation and differentiation of immune cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the proteins that regulate and mediate inflammatory and immune responses?

Cytokines Signup and view all the answers