Immunology: The Immune System and Antibodies

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the immune system?

  • To produce antigens
  • To respond to non-infectious substances
  • To defend against infectious microbes (correct)
  • To produce immunoglobulins

What type of protein recognizes and binds specifically to an antigen?

  • Hapten
  • Antigen
  • Immunogen
  • Immunoglobulin (correct)

What is the term for the chemical groups on an antigen molecule that determine its immunogenicity?

  • Haptens
  • Immunogens
  • Epitopes
  • Antigenic determinants (correct)

What is an antigen that is too small to induce an immune response on its own?

<p>Hapten (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the coordinated reaction of the immune system against infections and other foreign substances?

<p>Immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the class of proteins that make up antibodies?

<p>Immunoglobulins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the innate immune system?

<p>It has a rapid response, occurring within minutes or hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are involved in the adaptive immune system?

<p>T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and Dendritic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of antibodies in the immune response?

<p>To neutralize pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a result of defects in the innate or adaptive immune systems?

<p>Autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency disorders, and hypersensitivity reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the innate and adaptive immune systems?

<p>The degree of specificity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the adaptive immune system?

<p>It is a slow, antigen-dependent response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune response?

<p>To regulate inflammatory and immune responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the complement system?

<p>To clear pathogens from an organism and promote healing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the proteins produced by leukocytes that affect other leukocytes?

<p>Interleukins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?

<p>Innate immunity is non-specific, while adaptive immunity is specific (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of interleukins in the immune response?

<p>To regulate the activation and differentiation of immune cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the proteins that regulate and mediate inflammatory and immune responses?

<p>Cytokines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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