Immunology Quiz on Antibodies and Immunity

False (B)

IgE is involved in allergic reactions, drug sensitivity, anaphylaxis, and immediate hypersensitivity. It also helps fight parasitic diseases.

<p>IgG</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IgA = Mucous membranes and internal cavities IgD = B-cell surface, blood, and lymph IgE = Basophils and mast cells IgG = Blood, lymph, and intestine IgM = Blood, lymph, and B-cell surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly killing pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunity is the state of protection against infectious disease obtained through an immune response, previous infection, or other non-immunological factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Development of T lymphocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immune recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymus = Maturation of T lymphocytes Bone marrow = Origin of B lymphocytes Spleen = Traps blood-borne antigens Tonsils = Defense against pathogens entering the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anything that can trigger an immune response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major histocompatibility complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attenuated vaccines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>toxoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rabies vaccine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attenuated = Contains living non-virulent strains Killed = Contains whole, killed microorganisms Toxoid = Nonpoisonous treated exotoxin Recombinant DNA = Incorporates DNA from multiple sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide immediate protection against specific infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Allergen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Helper T cells (CD4) = Activate B cells and killer T cells Cytotoxic T cells (CD8) = Attack infected and cancer cells Suppressor T cells = Regulate the immune response Memory T cells = Provide long-term immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activate B cells and killer T cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antigen presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perforin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humoral response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They divide to produce clones, forming plasma cells and B memory cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IgG (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naturally acquired active immunity is generated through exposure to natural pathogens, while artificially acquired active immunity is induced through vaccinations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>naturally acquired passive immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IgG = Transfer across the placenta IgA = Transfer during breastfeeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intravenous gamma globulin injection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attenuated vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antigen that triggers an allergic reaction, often to harmless substances like egg.

The body's third line of defense, specifically targeting and neutralizing pathogens.

White blood cells crucial for the immune response, responsible for recognizing and destroying specific pathogens.

Lymphocytes that mature in the thymus, responsible for cell-mediated immunity.

A type of T cell responsible for activating other immune cells like B cells and killer T cells.

A type of T cell responsible for directly killing infected cells and cancer cells.

A type of T cell that helps regulate the immune response, preventing overactivation and autoimmunity.

A type of T cell that remembers past infections and allows for faster response to subsequent exposures.

A greyish, flat, bilobed organ where T lymphocytes (T cells) develop and mature.

The primary site where B lymphocytes (B cells) are generated.

Bean-shaped clusters of tissue that filter lymph fluid and contain immune cells.

A large organ that traps blood-borne antigens, containing red pulp (with red blood cells and macrophages) and white pulp (with T lymphocytes).

Tissue masses located in the throat, containing immune cells like lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and granulocytes.

Clusters of lymphatic tissue found in the lining of the small intestine, capturing intestinal antigens.

The process by which the immune system distinguishes between the body's own cells ('self') and foreign substances ('non-self').

A protein released by cytotoxic T cells that creates holes in infected cells, causing them to burst and die.

Defensive proteins produced by B cells that bind to specific antigens, helping to neutralize them.

A type of B cell that produces antibodies in large amounts.

The ability of the immune system to respond more quickly and effectively to a pathogen that the body has encountered before.

They are also called immunoglobulins, which are classified into five distinct groups.

It is found in tears, saliva, colostrum, and other secretions. This antibody provides immunity to the infant digestive tract.

It triggers allergic reactions, drug sensitivity, anaphylaxis, and immediate hypersensitivity. It also fights against parasitic diseases.

It's role in the serum is not fully understood. On the B cell surface, it initiates the immune response.

It's the first antibody produced during an infection. It's effective against microbes and agglutinating antigens.

It enhances phagocytosis, neutralizes toxins and viruses, and protects the fetus and newborn. It can be transferred through the placenta.

It's the state of being protected against infectious diseases. It can be obtained through immunization, previous infection, or other non-immunological factors.

It refers to immunity acquired through natural exposure to a pathogen or antigen. It occurs when the individual is naturally infected and develops an immune response.

Acquired immunity developed when the body produces its own antibodies in response to exposure to a specific antigen. This typically occurs after contracting an illness or being exposed to an organism, leading to long-lasting immunity.

Acquired immunity developed when antibodies are received passively from another source, like a mother to her baby across the placenta or through breast milk.

Acquired immunity developed when an antigen is deliberately introduced through vaccination. This stimulates the body to produce antibodies and memory cells against specific diseases.

Acquired immunity developed when pre-made antibodies (immunoglobulins) from someone else are injected into the body. This provides immediate but temporary protection.

A substance, usually a weakened or deactivated form of a pathogen, used in vaccines to stimulate an immune response.

A weakened or inactive form of a pathogen used in vaccines to stimulate an immune response without causing the disease.

A type of vaccine containing inactivated pathogens or parts of pathogens that cannot cause disease but still elicit an immune response.

A type of vaccine containing weakened, non-disease causing versions of the pathogen. These vaccines mimic the natural infection, stimulating the immune system without causing illness.

A type of vaccine containing killed or inactivated pathogens or their components. These vaccines expose the immune system to the pathogen's antigens without causing illness.

A type of vaccine containing fragments of the pathogen, such as proteins, carbohydrates or other molecules, which trigger an immune response. This type is safer because it does not contain the whole pathogen, and can be used to target specific parts of the pathogen.

A type of vaccine containing a toxin that has been detoxified but still retains the ability to trigger an immune response. The immune system produces antibodies against the toxin, providing protection against the actual toxin.

A type of vaccine formulated using recombinant DNA technology, which inserts pathogen genes into harmless carrier organisms or cells, allowing those cells to produce pathogen antigens. These antigens stimulate an immune response without the risks associated with using whole pathogens.

A type of immunity acquired through the direct administration of antibodies, rather than the body's own production. This provides immediate but temporary protection against the pathogen.

A type of passive immunity obtained from a source other than the individual needing protection. This comes in the form of either antiserum or immune globulin.

A type of passive immunity obtained from injecting an animal with an antigen, causing the animal to produce antibodies. The antibodies are then extracted from the animal's serum and administered to a person in need of protection.