Immunology Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which branch of biology focuses specifically on the study of immune systems across all organisms?

Immunology (correct)

Biotechnology

Microbiology

Virology

Which type of immunity is acquired through experiences in one's lifetime?

Passive immunity

Innate immunity

Acquired immunity (correct)

Natural immunity

Which immune system cells are primarily responsible for cell-mediated immunity?

Thrombocytes

Neutrophils

B cells

T cells (correct)

What is the primary role of the immune system in the human body?

Protecting against pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccine is represented by the Hepatitis vaccine?

Recombinant Vaccine Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about IgM antibodies in humans is accurate?

IgM primarily exists in circulation Signup and view all the answers

Which immune system cells are incapable of performing phagocytosis?

Basophils Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive feature of adaptive immunity compared to innate immunity?

Ability to recognize specific pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of eosinophils in the immune system?

Defense against parasitic infections Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of passive immunity?

It involves the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of IgA antibodies?

They are essential for blood clotting Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the thymus in the immune system?

Maturation of T lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is characteristic of autoimmune diseases?

The immune system attacks the body's own tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of basophils in the immune system?

Release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a role of the spleen in the immune system?

It serves as a site of antibody production Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of interferons in the immune response?

Inhibition of viral replication Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for the activation of cytotoxic T cells?

By identifying virus peptides presented by MHC-I Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately defines immunity?

The body's ability to defend against specific pathogens and/or foreign substances Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way in which passive immunity can be acquired?

Through vaccination Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is NOT true regarding cytokines?

They are only pro-inflammatory Signup and view all the answers

What are PAMPs primarily recognized for?

As pathogen-associated molecular patterns Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about the innate immune response?

It is protracted Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of B lymphocytes in the immune system?

Production of antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulin is unique for its ability to cross the placenta?

IgG Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk associated with skin testing for allergies?

A systemic reaction such as anaphylaxis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical method for assessing lung function in asthma patients?

Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of NK cells in the immune system?

Killing of virus-infected cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of cytokines?

Direct killing of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of innate immunity?

Memory B cells Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of the adaptive immune response?

It has immunological memory Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Immunology

The study of immune systems in all organisms is called immunology.
Acquired immunity is developed throughout a person's lifetime, while innate immunity is present at birth.
T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity.
The immune system protects the body against pathogens.
Hepatitis vaccine is an example of a subunit vaccine.
IgM is primarily restricted to the circulation and is produced at the beginning of an immune response.
Interferons are cytokines that inhibit viral replication.
Basophils are the only immune cells that don't perform phagocytosis.
Monocytes differentiate into macrophages.
Adaptive immunity is characterized by its ability to distinguish self from non-self.
Interferons bind to neighboring cells to induce a state of resistance to viral infection.
The adaptive immune system is characterized by its ability to remember pathogens.
Antibodies are produced by B cells when stimulated by T helper cells.
Cytotoxic T cells are activated by recognizing virus peptides presented by MHC-I.
Immunity is the body's ability to defend against specific pathogens or foreign substances.

Passive Immunity

Passive immunity can be acquired from mother to fetus, through breastfeeding, and through immunoglobulin therapy (injections of antibodies).
Humoral immunity refers to immunity provided by antibodies in blood and other bodily fluids, while cell-mediated immunity involves the activation of T cells.

Innate Immune Response

PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) are recognized by the innate immune system.
Dendritic cells are primarily found in tissues exposed to external environments.
Lymphocytes are the primary cells involved in adaptive immunity.
HLAs (human leukocyte antigens) are cell-surface glycoproteins that present antigens to T cells.
IgG is the only immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta.
Older adults are more susceptible to infections and experience a decline in immune function.

Allergies and Hypersensitivity

Atopy is the genetic predisposition to develop allergies involving IgE antibody formation.
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening.
Allergic rhinitis often includes symptoms such as eye irritation, excessive tearing, and nasal congestion.

Immune System Components

Lymphoid tissues are where lymphocytes mature and encounter antigens.
Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells.
MHC molecules present antigens to T cells.
Passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another and provides short-term protection.
Eosinophils fight parasitic infections.
The thymus is responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes.
Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.
Basophils release histamine and other inflammatory mediators.
The spleen filters blood, stores platelets, and removes old red blood cells.
Interferons inhibit viral replication and are produced by virus-infected cells.

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Description

Test your knowledge of immunology with this quiz covering key concepts such as acquired and innate immunity, T cells, and vaccines. Explore the roles of different immune cells and the mechanisms they employ to protect the body against pathogens.