Immunology Lecture 3/23/22 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the major antibody isotype found in mucosal lymphoid tissues?

  • IgA (correct)
  • IgM
  • IgG3
  • IgG1
  • Which enzyme plays a key role in the mechanism of isotype switching of antibodies?

  • Fc receptors
  • Activation-induced deaminase (AID) (correct)
  • TGF-β
  • CD40
  • Which type of antibody is best for microbes opsonization?

  • IgA
  • IgM
  • IgG (correct)
  • IgE
  • Which type of cells are best for eliminating helminths?

    <p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells produce the first antibody, IgM, in response to an antigen?

    <p>B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)?

    <p>Transfers maternal IgG to the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cytokine is associated with the production of IgA?

    <p>TGF-β</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does affinity maturation occur in B cells?

    <p>Germinal centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme plays a critical role in somatic mutation during affinity maturation?

    <p>AID</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major source of IgA antibodies in mucosal tissues against nonprotein antigens?

    <p>B-1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antigens stimulate proliferation and differentiation of B cells without T cell help?

    <p>Polysaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated frequency of mutations per cell per division during affinity maturation due to somatic hypermutation?

    <p>$1$ in $10^3$ base pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do memory cells from T-dependent antibody responses reside?

    <p>Mucosal and other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antigens require T cell help for B cell activation?

    <p>Soluble proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which population of B lymphocytes are most blood circulating IgM antibodies produced?

    <p>B-1 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between T-dependent and T-independent activation of B cells?

    <p>The type of B cells involved and the outcome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do most soluble protein antigens not stimulate high levels of B cell activation?

    <p>They do not contain multiple identical epitopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of isotype switching in B cells?

    <p>Generation of memory cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process leads to the production of antibodies with improved capacity to bind and neutralize microbes?

    <p>Affinity maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do B cells recognize their specific antigens?

    <p>By displaying specific receptors on their surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in B cell activation?

    <p>Triggering activating signals for proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do activated helper T cells stimulate B cells?

    <p>By producing cytokines and binding CD40L on B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if there is a mutation in the CD40L gene?

    <p>'X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome' due to defective isotype switching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'IgE functions to eliminate helminths' - Which cytokine stimulates the switching to IgE class antibodies?

    <p>'IL-4' produced by Tfh cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do T-dependent and T-independent activation of B cells differ in terms of receptor affinity?

    <p>T-independent activation has higher receptor affinity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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