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Immunology Chapter 18: Hypersensitivities and Immunodeficiencies

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Immunology Chapter 18: Hypersensitivities and Immunodeficiencies

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes autoimmune diseases?

A normal response to a pathogen

An abnormal response to self-antigens (correct)

A weakened immune system

An overactive immune response to an allergen

What is a possible consequence of immunodeficiency?

Improved response to vaccines

Reduced risk of allergic reactions

Multiple and unusual infections (correct)

Increased susceptibility to cancer

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary immunodeficiencies?

Secondary immunodeficiencies are more severe

Secondary immunodeficiencies are caused by infections

Primary immunodeficiencies are more common

Primary immunodeficiencies are present at birth (correct)

Which type of hypersensitivity involves IgE antibodies?

Type I Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of comparing and contrasting types I, II, III, and IV hypersensitivities?

To understand the mechanisms of immune responses Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of comparing and contrasting types I, II, III, and IV hypersensitivities?

To identify the immune responses involved in each type Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of autoimmune diseases?

The immune system fails to distinguish between self and non-self Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome of secondary immunodeficiencies?

Increased risk of infections due to impaired immune function Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of autoimmune diseases?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of immunodeficiency diseases?

Increased susceptibility to multiple and unusual infections Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypersensitivities

Compare and contrast immunological reactions involved in types I, II, III, and IV hypersensitivities
Examples of each type of hypersensitivity can be described

Autoimmunity

Autoimmunity is defined as a state where the immune system attacks and damages the body's own tissues
Possible causes of autoimmunity include genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and hormonal imbalance
Treatments for autoimmunity include immunosuppression, plasma exchange, and biological response modifiers

Immunodeficiencies

Primary immunodeficiencies occur when the immune system fails to develop properly, often due to genetic defects
Secondary immunodeficiencies occur when the immune system is compromised by external factors, such as infections or cancer
Compare and contrast primary and secondary immunodeficiencies

Immunodeficiency and Infections

Immunodeficiency can lead to multiple and unusual infections due to the impaired immune system
Examples of infections that may occur in individuals with immunodeficiency include opportunistic infections, such as Pneumocystis pneumonia and Tuberculosis

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Description

Test your understanding of the immunological reactions involved in different types of hypersensitivities, autoimmunity, and immunodeficiencies. Learn about the causes, examples, and treatments of these immune system disorders.