Immunology: Antigens Classification Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs)?

  • To regulate the immune response through cytokine production
  • To produce antibodies against microbial antigens
  • To capture, process, and present antigenic peptides to T cells (correct)
  • To directly kill pathogens through phagocytosis

    • Which of the following is considered a 'professional' Antigen Presenting Cell (APC)?

  • Macrophages (correct)
  • Fibroblasts
  • Endothelial cells
  • Activated T cells

    • Why do T cells require that antigens be captured, processed, and presented in a specific way by APCs?

  • T cells require the antigen to be displayed on MHC molecules for recognition (correct)
  • T cells are unable to directly interact with antigenic peptides
  • T cells can only interact with complex microbial antigens
  • T cells can only respond to protein antigens, not other types of chemical antigens

    • What is the primary function of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules expressed on APCs?

    <p>To display antigenic peptides for recognition by T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key difference between MHC class I and MHC class II molecules?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of MHC class I molecules?

    <p>Regulate immune responses to intracellular parasites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is part of the structure of MHC class II molecules but not of MHC class I molecules?

    <p>β1 chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of MHC class II molecules in the immune response?

    <p>Important for binding and activation of CD4+ T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do many different peptides bind to the same MHC molecule?

    <p>Low affinity and broad specificity binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cells require MHC class I molecules for activation?

    <p>CD8+ T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is stable expression of MHC molecules important?

    <p>To display bound peptides long enough for T cell recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the antigen presentation process described in the text?

    <p>Antigen capture and transport to lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antigens are primarily involved in the process of antigen uptake?

    <p>Exogenous antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During their migration to lymph nodes, what happens to dendritic cells?

    <p>They mature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mature dendritic cells in antigen processing?

    <p>Load peptides onto MHC molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs after limited proteolysis of antigens to peptides in the antigen presentation process?

    <p>Antigen-MHC complex formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step involves the transport and expression of peptide-MHC complexes on cell surfaces?

    <p>Antigen presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are responsible for trapping viral antigens circulating in the body fluids?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antigens are generated within cells as a result of normal cell metabolism or intracellular infections?

    <p>Endogenous antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules are histocompatibility antigens, like MHC and HLA?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antigen is recognized by the immune system in patients with autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Autoantigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of antigens leads to excessive activation of the immune system?

    <p>Superantigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells can be infected by viruses and present some antigens that can trigger an immune response?

    <p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of high molecular weight antigens?

    <p>They are typically proteins or polysaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a carrier molecule for a hapten?

    <p>It acts as a complete antigen to induce an immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a property that makes a molecule an effective antigen?

    <p>Oral administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the immunologically active regions of an antigen that bind to lymphocyte receptors or antibodies?

    <p>Epitopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of low molecular weight antigens?

    <p>They have a molecular weight less than 10,000 daltons</p> Signup and view all the answers

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