Immunology and Genetic Analysis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of IgE antibodies in Type I hypersensitivities?

  • To mediate inflammation by activating the complement system
  • To bind to mast cells and trigger the release of allergic mediators (correct)
  • To directly kill host cells through cell-mediated mechanisms
  • To form immune complexes that lead to tissue damage

    • Which type of hypersensitivity is characterized by immune complex deposition resulting in tissue damage?

  • Type II hypersensitivity
  • Type IV hypersensitivity
  • Type III hypersensitivity (correct)
  • Type I hypersensitivity

    • What distinguishes Type IV hypersensitivities from the others?

  • They lead to immediate hypersensitivity reactions
  • They result in the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells
  • They involve direct action from helper and cytotoxic T cells (correct)
  • They are mediated by IgG and IgM antibodies

    • Which of the following accurately describes the three steps of PCR technology?

    <p>Denaturation, priming, and elongation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of PCR technology enhances its ability to detect specific cells?

    <p>The amplification of DNA from minute samples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of gel electrophoresis in genetic analysis?

    <p>To separate DNA fragments based on their size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the RPR test primarily identify in patient plasma?

    <p>Agglutination of specific antibodies to determine syphilis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a direct ELISA primarily detect?

    <p>Antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the process of hybridization in genetic testing?

    <p>Isolating and denaturing DNA, then probing with specific markers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In phage typing, what indicates that a bacterial strain is sensitive to a specific phage?

    <p>Formation of plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of recombinant DNA technology in genetic research?

    <p>To combine genetic material from different species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes restriction endonucleases?

    <p>They break phosphodiester bonds within both strands of DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is gene therapy typically introduced into a patient's tissue?

    <p>By utilizing a viral vector or naked DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of IgE in the context of allergen sensitization?

    <p>To bind to mast cells for future allergic responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the FISH technique?

    <p>It relies on fluorescent probes to target specific DNA or RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about complementary DNA (cDNA)?

    <p>cDNA is generated from mRNA transcripts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does RFLP analysis function in DNA comparison?

    <p>It observes the differences in cutting patterns of restriction enzymes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is correct regarding pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)?

    <p>PFGE involves mixing bacteria with agar gel to form solid plugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of ribotyping?

    <p>To diagnose infections by comparing ribosomal RNA genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cloning, what role does the vector (plasmid) play?

    <p>The vector delivers the gene into the host organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the tuberculin test?

    <p>To detect exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction indicates a positive tuberculin test result?

    <p>Red, raised, and thickened lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is used in the tuberculin test?

    <p>A protein derivative from Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the technique used in the tuberculin test?

    <p>Intradermal injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A positive tuberculin test indicates potential exposure to which pathogen?

    <p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes agglutination from precipitation in serological testing?

    <p>Agglutination results in clotting of whole cells, while precipitation involves soluble antigens becoming insoluble.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Western blot technique, what is the purpose of adding a second antibody after the first?

    <p>To identify the target proteins using a fluorescent or enzymatic signal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a titer measure in a patient's serum?

    <p>The dilution level at which agglutination is still observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle of immunofluorescence testing?

    <p>To visualize bound antigen-antibody complexes using light microscopy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes in vivo testing in serology?

    <p>It is used to introduce antigens directly into a patient for immune response evaluation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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