Immunoglobulin Structure & Function in Immunology
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the VH region in an immunoglobulin structure?

  • Fc receptor binding
  • Mast cell degranulation
  • Complement activation
  • Antigen binding (correct)

Which process involves the release of histamine from mast cells triggered by antibodies?

  • Opsonization
  • Mast cell degranulation (correct)
  • ADCC
  • Neutralization

Which Ig region is primarily responsible for activating B lymphocytes?

  • Fab domain (correct)
  • VL region
  • CH region
  • CL region

Which biological function of antibodies involves enhancing phagocytosis of pathogens by macrophages?

<p>Complement activation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)?

<p>B lymphocyte activation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for antibody diversity?

<p>Variation in amino acid sequences in variable regions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stabilizes the structure of the constant region of light chains?

<p>Basic amino acid sequences interacting with CH1 region (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component determines the class (isotype) of an antibody?

<p>Constant regions of heavy chains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are secreted forms of antibodies found?

<p>Mucosal secretions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stabilizes the structure of IgA antibodies?

<p>(a2k2)n or (a2l2)n, n = 1,2,3,4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is present in plasma when blood clots?

<p>Antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody class is most abundant in serum and has four different subclasses with varying biological activity?

<p>IgG (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody plays a significant role in neonatal immunity by crossing the placenta to enter the fetal circulation?

<p>IgG (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody class is predominantly secreted in external secretions like saliva, tears, breast milk, and mucus?

<p>IgA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody class serves as an antigen receptor on naïve B cells when in its monomeric form?

<p>IgM (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody class can be found minimally in interstitial fluid due to its large size but can still be present in secretions?

<p>IgM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody class binds to a poly-Ig receptor on the basolateral membrane of an epithelial cell for internalization in secretory IgA formation?

<p>IgA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Fc receptors on immune cells?

<p>Activate specific immune cells like monocytes and mast cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulins can activate the classical pathway of complement?

<p>IgM and IgG (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of BCR Complex formed by Ig-α/Ig-β?

<p>Signal activation for B cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody effector function involves prohibiting attachment of microbes to host surfaces?

<p>Neutralization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be true for IgG and IgM antibodies to activate complement?

<p>They must be bound to cell surfaces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells recognize antibodies through Fc receptors?

<p>Natural killer (NK) cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune response involves enhanced phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils?

<p>Opsonization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action in Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC)?

<p>Coating of host cells/microbes with antibodies leading to cytotoxic cell recognition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is NOT involved in Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC)?

<p>Eosinophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Mast Cell and Basophil degranulation, the process is initiated by binding of which molecule?

<p>IgE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Fc receptors in the immune response?

<p>Enhanced phagocytosis and cytotoxicity by immune cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is associated with opsonization in the immune response?

<p>Antibody coating for phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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