Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason for the adaptive immune subsystem being the most important layer of defense?
What is the primary reason for the adaptive immune subsystem being the most important layer of defense?
- Its ability to generate resistance proportional to the threat (correct)
- Its ability to respond automatically to a diverse set of microorganisms
- Its lack of flexibility in responding optimally
- Its ability to cause substantial tissue damage
Which type of immunity is directed against extracellular invaders?
Which type of immunity is directed against extracellular invaders?
- Innate immunity
- Antibody (humoral) immunity (correct)
- Adaptive immunity
- Cell-mediated immunity
What is the function of regulatory cells and cytokines in the immune system?
What is the function of regulatory cells and cytokines in the immune system?
- To ensure that adaptive immune responses occur only under appropriate circumstances (correct)
- To cause substantial tissue damage
- To generate resistance proportional to the threat
- To respond automatically to microbial invasion
What must occur sequentially for an antibody-mediated or cell-mediated immune response to occur?
What must occur sequentially for an antibody-mediated or cell-mediated immune response to occur?
What is the role of regulatory T cells (Treg cells)?
What is the role of regulatory T cells (Treg cells)?
How do immune cells communicate with each other?
How do immune cells communicate with each other?
What is the primary function of cytokines in immune cell signaling?
What is the primary function of cytokines in immune cell signaling?
What is the role of interferons in immune cell interactions?
What is the role of interferons in immune cell interactions?
How do T cells protect animals against intracellular invaders?
How do T cells protect animals against intracellular invaders?
What makes it difficult to predict how a specific target cell will respond to cytokines?
What makes it difficult to predict how a specific target cell will respond to cytokines?
Which type of dendritic cell triggers antibody formation?
Which type of dendritic cell triggers antibody formation?
What type of immune response is promoted by Th1 cells?
What type of immune response is promoted by Th1 cells?
Which cytokine is secreted by Th2 cells?
Which cytokine is secreted by Th2 cells?
What is the role of cytotoxic T cells in combating viral infections?
What is the role of cytotoxic T cells in combating viral infections?
Which protein do cytotoxic T cells express on their surface?
Which protein do cytotoxic T cells express on their surface?
What is the function of costimulation from a helper T cell for cytotoxic T cells?
What is the function of costimulation from a helper T cell for cytotoxic T cells?
Which type of cell does IFN-gamma from Th1 cells activate to destroy intracellular bacteria?
Which type of cell does IFN-gamma from Th1 cells activate to destroy intracellular bacteria?
What does the adaptive immunity rely on for enhanced and accelerated response against invading microbes?
What does the adaptive immunity rely on for enhanced and accelerated response against invading microbes?
What is the role of memory T cells in immunologic memory?
What is the role of memory T cells in immunologic memory?
Why do most cytotoxic T cells die once they are no longer needed?
Why do most cytotoxic T cells die once they are no longer needed?
What is the main reason for immunologic memory resulting from adaptive immunity?
What is the main reason for immunologic memory resulting from adaptive immunity?
What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?
What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?
Where are memory B cells located within an animal?
Where are memory B cells located within an animal?
What is the role of T helper type 2 cells in the immune system?
What is the role of T helper type 2 cells in the immune system?
Where are B cells and plasma cells located within the body?
Where are B cells and plasma cells located within the body?
Which class of immunoglobulin is usually confined to the bloodstream?
Which class of immunoglobulin is usually confined to the bloodstream?
What triggers B cells to respond by mounting immune responses?
What triggers B cells to respond by mounting immune responses?
What is the main role of plasma cells?
What is the main role of plasma cells?
Where do B cells originate?
Where do B cells originate?
What happens when an animal encounters an antigen for the second time?
What happens when an animal encounters an antigen for the second time?
What must happen for a B cell to respond to a bound foreign antigen?
What must happen for a B cell to respond to a bound foreign antigen?
What is the role of IgG in the defense of the body?
What is the role of IgG in the defense of the body?
What is the function of IgE?
What is the function of IgE?
Where are Langerhans cells primarily found?
Where are Langerhans cells primarily found?
What is the role of MHC molecules?
What is the role of MHC molecules?
Why do surviving T cells respond only to foreign antigens?
Why do surviving T cells respond only to foreign antigens?
What is the main function of dendritic cells?
What is the main function of dendritic cells?
What is the primary function of IgA on body surfaces?
What is the primary function of IgA on body surfaces?
What is the significance of receptor molecules called MHC molecules on dendritic cells?
What is the significance of receptor molecules called MHC molecules on dendritic cells?
How are antibody responses regulated?
How are antibody responses regulated?
What is the role of IgD in the immune response?
What is the role of IgD in the immune response?
What happens if an animal lacks MHC molecules that can bind a specific antigen?
What happens if an animal lacks MHC molecules that can bind a specific antigen?
What is the characteristic of MHC molecules expressed within an individual animal?
What is the characteristic of MHC molecules expressed within an individual animal?
What happens when a dendritic cell presents MHC-associated antigen to T cells?
What happens when a dendritic cell presents MHC-associated antigen to T cells?
