Immunodeficiency Disorders Quiz

1:25,000-50,000

Mutations in ICOS, CD19, BAFF-R, TNFRSF13B gene sets

Currently unknown

<p>Equal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cluster of at least 13 variants in specific genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TNFRSF13B (TACI) gene mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adenosine deaminase (ADA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Life-threatening infections (ear, lung, thrush, chronic diarrhea)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pneumocystis carinii</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiple mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defects in common gamma chain (ɣc) of cytokine receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T cells and B cells lack diversity in their receptors to recognize and fight pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Omenn Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Combined T- and B-cell defect (SCID)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hematopoietic stem-cell transplant from closely related sibling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>None of the cytokines can function as there is no receptor to bind</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To remove any non-specifically bound proteins and leave only the immune complexes containing the appropriate immunoglobulin components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the presence of a monoclonal plasma cell disorder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because B cells undergo V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation, which increase the risk of malignant transformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to incorrect recombination, increasing the risk of malignant transformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow for the proliferation of antigen-activated B cells and the formation of antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Down regulation of MHC class I molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When dendritic cells present tumor antigens, they induce T cell toleration due to lack of co-stimulatory signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By producing collagen that forms tumor nests</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It refers to the lack of immunogenic antigens being expressed by cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic inflammation increases the risk of cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The immune system plays an important role in preventing cancer through immune surveillance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cancer cells express PD-L1, which interacts with PD-1 on T cells, leading to immune evasion by inhibiting T cell function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CTLA-4 and PD-1 are targets for immune checkpoint blockade therapy, which aims to unleash anticancer T cell responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cancer cells secrete TGF-β, IL-10, and IDO to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment that inhibits T cell function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immune checkpoint blockade therapy involves using antibodies against proteins like CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 to unleash and enhance T cell responses against cancer cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adoptive cellular therapy involves genetically modifying T cells to create CAR T cells that can target specific proteins on cancer cells, enhancing the host immune response against cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immunosurveillance plays a crucial role in detecting and eliminating cancer cells before they develop into tumors, helping to prevent cancer progression.</p> Signup and view all the answers