Immunocompetent Cells: B&T Lymphocytes & Kinin System

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What is the primary responsibility of B cells in the immune system?

Proliferating and forming lymphoblasts

Secreting antibodies (correct)

Eliminating antigens

Differentiating into effector cells

What is the primary function of the plasma cells in the immune system?

Secreting antibodies (correct)

Proliferating and forming lymphoblasts

Differentiating into memory cells

Secreting cytokines

What type of cells are responsible for cytotoxic immunity?

T helper cells

Plasma cells

Cytotoxic T cells (correct)

Suppressor T cells

What is the fate of naive lymphocytes upon interaction with antigens and cytokines?

They undergo proliferation Signup and view all the answers

What is the morphology of resting B and T lymphocytes?

Small and motile Signup and view all the answers

What do effector cells of the T cell lineage include?

Cytotoxic T cells Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme is responsible for inactivating the remaining kinin during the passage of plasma through the lung?

Angiotensin converting enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial event that triggers the production of kinin?

Activation of Hageman factor by contact with negatively charged surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What is the direct action of kallikrein on complement C5?

Conversion of C5 to C5a Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of kinin?

Activation of the intrinsic clotting system Signup and view all the answers

What role does the enzyme kallikrein play in the production of kinin?

Cleaves high molecular weight kininogen to produce bradykinin Signup and view all the answers

Which T cell subpopulation is restricted to recognizing antigen bound to class II MHC molecules?

T cells expressing the membrane glycoprotein CD4 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of T cells?

The T cells are involved in the secretion of antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical ratio of CD4 to CD8 cells in peripheral blood?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules is present on B cells and other APCs, and acts as a receptor for CD28?

B7 family of molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cytokines secreted by Th cells is NOT responsible for activating B cells, T cells, or other cells that participate in the immune response?

IL-17 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions as a co-stimulatory molecule in conjunction with TCR engagement during activation of T cells?

CD28 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)?

To recognize and eliminate altered self cells Signup and view all the answers

How many chains does the T cell receptor (TCR) consist of and what are they?

Two chains, either α and β or γ and δ Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell does a Th1 response mainly activate?

Macrophages and certain T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which cell is activated when it interacts with an antigen-class I MHC complex on the surface of an altered cell?

Cytotoxic T cells (Tc) Signup and view all the answers

Which chains of the TCR exhibit marked sequence variation?

The amino terminal domains of both chains Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural similarity between the TCR and immunoglobulin?

They have similar domain structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the positively charged amino acid residues in the TCR transmembrane domains?

To interact with the chains of the signal transducing CD3 complex Signup and view all the answers

How many hypervariable regions exist in the TCR variable domain?

Three Signup and view all the answers

Which kinin system component is a potent agent that increases vascular permeability?

Bradykinin Signup and view all the answers

Which TCR component forms a disulphide link with the other chain?

The connecting sequence Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the structural homology between TCR C and V domains and immunoglobulin V and C domains?

The TCR domains show minor structural differences compared to immunoglobulin domains Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the transmembrane region in the TCR chains?

21-22 amino acids Signup and view all the answers