Immunity in Plants and Animals
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Questions and Answers

What type of immunity involves specific defenses developed after exposure to pathogens?

  • Chemical Immunity
  • Acquired Immunity (correct)
  • Innate Immunity
  • Plant Immunity

    • Which of the following is not a physical barrier in plant immunity?

  • Mucous Membranes (correct)
  • Waxy Cuticle
  • Tightly Packed Epidermal Cells
  • Bark

    • What do plants produce to fortify unaffected cells after a pathogen bypasses physical defenses?

  • Lymphocytes
  • Insulin
  • Salicylic Acid (correct)
  • Antibiotics

    • Which type of immunity includes non-specific defenses like skin and mucous membranes?

    <p>Innate Immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of antibiotics in relation to microorganisms?

    <p>Inhibit or Destroy Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the development of resistant bacteria strains against antibiotics?

    <p>Misuse and Incomplete Courses of Antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune system tier in plants involves the production of compounds like salicylic acid?

    <p>Chemical Responses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What immune response initiates antibody production and memory cell formation in animals?

    <p>Acquired Immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT involved in animal innate immunity?

    <p>Lymphocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vaccines?

    <p>To stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies without causing disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biotechnological advance allows the production of human insulin?

    <p>Recombinant DNA technology (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of many antibiotics?

    <p>Penicillium molds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary organism responsible for fermentation in beer production?

    <p>Yeasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of yeast fermentation in bread production?

    <p>To produce carbon dioxide, causing the dough to rise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary microorganism responsible for cheese production?

    <p>Bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that enhances the shelf life and flavor of maas?

    <p>Bacterial fermentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of vaccinations?

    <p>To prevent infectious diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of herd immunity?

    <p>It prevents the spread of infectious diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the fermentation of sugars to produce alcohol and carbon dioxide in the production of beer?

    <p>Fermentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the production of cheese primarily involve bacterial fermentation?

    <p>Production of acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology allows for the extraction and purification of medicinal compounds like penicillin from Penicillium molds?

    <p>Fermentation technology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does insulin production using modified E.coli or yeast benefit diabetes management?

    <p>Regulating blood glucose levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microbial fermentation in producing maas (fermented milk)?

    <p>Improving texture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does yeast fermentation play in wine production from grapes?

    <p>Enhancing aroma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do vaccines stimulate the immune system without causing disease?

    <p>By activating antibody production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key impact of vaccinations on infectious diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella?

    <p>Preventing outbreaks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibiotics derived from Penicillium molds primarily help in healthcare?

    <p>Fighting bacterial infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of plant immunity?

    <p>Acquired immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a target of antibiotics in microorganisms?

    <p>Viral DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between innate and acquired immunity in animals?

    <p>Innate immunity is non-specific, while acquired immunity is specific (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical barrier in plant immunity?

    <p>Salicylic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which antibiotics inhibit or destroy bacteria?

    <p>Targeting bacterial cell walls, membranes, or protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common issue resulting from misuse and incomplete courses of antibiotics?

    <p>Decreased effectiveness of antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of lymphocytes in animal immunity?

    <p>Responding to pathogens through antibody production and memory cell formation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of innate immunity in animals?

    <p>Specific defenses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>Signal and fortify unaffected cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of lymphocytes in animal immunity?

    <p>Responding to pathogens through antibody production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT involved in animal innate immunity?

    <p>Antibody production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key impact of vaccinations on infectious diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella?

    <p>Preventing disease outbreaks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of plant immunity?

    <p>Antibody production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do antibiotics derived from Penicillium molds primarily help in healthcare?

    <p>Inhibiting or destroying bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>Signaling and fortifying unaffected cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does insulin production using modified E.coli or yeast benefit diabetes management?

    <p>Regulating blood sugar levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of many antibiotics?

    <p>Plants and microorganisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the development of resistant bacteria strains against antibiotics?

    <p>Misuse and incomplete antibiotic courses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism is not involved in the production of a food or beverage mentioned in the text?

    <p>Penicillium molds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a process involving microorganisms in medicine production?

    <p>Blood transfusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is not involved in plant immunity?

    <p>Development of resistant strains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of yeast fermentation in dairy products production?

    <p>Thickening of milk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a benefit of herd immunity?

    <p>Elimination of infectious diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism is not involved in the production of a medicine mentioned in the text?

    <p>Lactic acid bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a component of plant immune response?

    <p>Development of acquired immunity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a benefit of vaccinations?

    <p>Elimination of all infectious diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of microorganisms in fermentation processes?

    <p>Break down complex molecules into simpler ones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of lactic acid bacteria in cheese production?

    <p>Curdling milk proteins to form cheese (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does yeast fermentation contribute to the texture and flavor of bread?

    <p>Producing carbon dioxide for rising (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common application of microbial fermentation in food production?

    <p>Altering food texture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main impact of insulin production using modified E.coli or yeast in diabetes management?

    <p>Supporting glucose metabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function does recombinant DNA technology serve in insulin production?

    <p>Facilitating human insulin production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do vaccinations primarily prevent infectious diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella?

    <p>Providing individual and herd immunity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of antibiotics derived from Penicillium molds in healthcare?

    <p>Inhibiting or destroying bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a significant impact of vaccinations on public health?

    <p>Reducing infectious disease prevalence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do alcoholic beverages like beer and wine obtain their alcohol content?

    <p>Fermentation of grain or grape sugars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference in the immune response between plants and animals?

    <p>Plants have a two-tiered immune system composed of physical barriers and chemical responses, while animals have innate and acquired immunity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome of misusing or incompletely taking antibiotics?

    <p>An improvement in the efficacy of antibiotics for future use. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT describe the role of lymphocytes in animal immunity?

    <p>Lymphocytes are a component of physical barriers that prevent pathogen entry. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a target of antibiotics in microorganisms?

    <p>Flagella. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for the development of resistant bacteria strains against antibiotics?

    <p>Expensive antibiotics that are not affordable for patients. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT describe the production of salicylic acid in plant immunity?

    <p>Salicylic acid production prevents pathogens from bypassing physical defenses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common issue resulting from misuse and incomplete courses of antibiotics?

    <p>An improvement in the efficacy of antibiotics for future use. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT describe the process of acquired immunity in animals?

    <p>Acquired immunity is a component of innate (natural) immunity in animals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way in which antibiotics derived from Penicillium molds primarily help in healthcare?

    <p>By reducing the symptoms of viral infections. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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