Immunity and Vaccine Development

What is the term for molecular structures found in pathogens that are recognized by the immune system?

What does the acronym DAMPs stand for?

Edward Jenner was the first person to discover vaccines.

_____ is the term used to describe foreign invaders recognized by the immune system.

Which of the following factors affect immunity?

Match the following terms with their definitions:

What condition did Jenner's work primarily focus on for vaccine development?

The first studied PAMPs include _____ and viral RNA.

Immunity

Individuals who previously had a particular disease often develop immunity to it.
The concept of immunity is based on the ability to distinguish between "self" (normal body cells) and "non-self" (foreign invaders).
Immunity can also be influenced by factors related to the disease-causing agent, the host's health, and the route of infection.

Benjamin Jesty

Jesty recognized that people who had previously had a disease, or something similar, didn't get it again.
He studied immunity and the use of vaccines before Edward Jenner.
Jesty discovered the vaccinia famillia virus.

Edward Jenner

Jenner is credited with discovering the first vaccine.
Jenner developed a vaccine to prevent smallpox.
Though Jesty discovered a similar vaccine, Jenner is given more credit because he reported his findings more effectively.

Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

PAMPs are conserved molecular structures found in pathogens, but not in host cells.
They are recognized by the immune system.
Examples of PAMPs include bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and viral RNA.
PAMPs help the innate immune system quickly identify pathogens.

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs)

DAMPs are molecules released by stressed or damaged cells in the body.
They are also recognized by the immune system.
DAMPs can trigger inflammation and immune responses to repair damaged tissues.

Explore the fascinating history of immunity, beginning with individuals' natural resistance to diseases and leading to the groundbreaking contributions of Benjamin Jesty and Edward Jenner in vaccine development. Understand the key concepts of immunity, the role of PAMPs, and how they relate to pathogens and the immune response.