Immunisation Training: Flu Vaccination Service
62 Questions
8 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using a Patient Group Direction (PGD) in the influenza vaccination service?

  • To deliver effective patient care that is appropriate in a pre-defined clinical situation (correct)
  • To maximise the use of the skills of a range of health professionals
  • To reduce delays in treatment
  • To provide a safe legal framework to protect patients

    • What is the main advantage of using a PGD in the influenza vaccination service?

  • It offers a significant advantage to patient care by improving access to appropriate medicines (correct)
  • It provides a safe legal framework to protect patients
  • It maximises the use of the skills of a range of health professionals
  • It reduces delays in treatment

    • What is the primary focus of Stage 1 of the vaccination service?

  • Vaccine Administration
  • Assess individual, consent and provide advice (correct)
  • Record Keeping
  • Vaccine Preparation

    • What is the learning outcome of the immunisation training programme that involves practising the skills of immunisation using an intramuscular technique?

    <p>Practise the skills of immunisation using an intramuscular technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the workshop in the immunisation training programme?

    <p>To practise the skills of immunisation using an intramuscular technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of information for healthcare practitioners on the flu vaccination programme?

    <p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/flu-vaccination-programme-information-for-healthcare-practitioners/flu-vaccination-programme-2023-to-2024-information-for-healthcare-practitioners">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/flu-vaccination-programme-information-for-healthcare-practitioners/flu-vaccination-programme-2023-to-2024-information-for-healthcare-practitioners</a></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of a healthcare professional when using a Patient Group Direction (PGD)?

    <p>Practising only within the bounds of their own competence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum temperature at which the quadrivalent influenza vaccine should be stored?

    <p>2°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for excluding individuals aged 2 years to under 18 years from receiving the quadrivalent influenza vaccine?

    <p>They are eligible for live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Record of Authorisation in the context of a Patient Group Direction (PGD)?

    <p>To give authority for the healthcare professional to work under the PGD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age for which the quadrivalent influenza vaccine is recommended for individuals who consider themselves at risk?

    <p>13 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key principle of the Gillick competence doctrine?

    <p>Individuals under 16 years can provide informed consent if they are deemed competent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the self-audit process in the context of a Patient Group Direction (PGD)?

    <p>To identify areas for improvement in the vaccination service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration when selecting a quadrivalent influenza vaccine for a patient?

    <p>The patient's age and medical history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Community Pharmacy IIV PGD v12?

    <p>To provide guidance on the administration of the quadrivalent influenza vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the healthcare professional when it comes to informing patients about the quadrivalent influenza vaccine?

    <p>Explaining the risks and benefits of the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information must be recorded for each patient?

    <p>Name, address, date of birth, reason for vaccination, vaccine details, and fridge temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Pharmacy Self-Audit?

    <p>To ensure compliance with PGD and service requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required of professionals using a PGD?

    <p>They must undergo training and maintain clinical knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with older versions of the PGD?

    <p>They should be withdrawn from use immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of each professional using a PGD?

    <p>To only work within their bounds of competence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the post-vaccination questionnaire?

    <p>To monitor adverse reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked daily?

    <p>Fridge temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pre-vaccination questionnaire (screen)?

    <p>To assess patient suitability for vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with patient records?

    <p>They should be recorded on PharmOutcomes or Sonar system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be referred to in the event of an adverse reaction?

    <p>A medical officer or GP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be disposed of in the purple lidded waste container for cytotoxic waste?

    <p>BCG vaccine and equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following adverse reactions should be reported for newly licensed vaccines?

    <p>Serious and non-serious reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information should be recorded accurately in the patient's record?

    <p>Vaccine name, batch number, expiry date, dose administered, site used, and date of immunisation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should suspected adverse drug reactions be reported to the Committee on Safety of Medicines?

    <p>To identify potential safety concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with sharps bins when they are 2/3rds full?

    <p>Replace them immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should all suspected adverse drug reactions occurring in children be reported?

    <p>By both healthcare professionals and parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for reconstituting vaccines only when required?

    <p>To avoid errors and maintain efficacy and stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended route of injection for most vaccines?

    <p>Intramuscular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred injection site for infants under 1 year?

    <p>Anterolateral aspect of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum distance that should be maintained between two injections given in the same limb?

    <p>2.5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a green (21G) needle when reconstituting a vaccine?

    <p>To draw up the diluent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked before administering a vaccine?

    <p>The colour and composition of the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended needle length for intramuscular injections in adults?

    <p>25 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when two or more injections need to be given at the same time?

    <p>Give them in different limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the exception to the general rule of giving vaccines intramuscularly?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to inject the vaccine into muscle and not into fat?

    <p>To increase the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major reason why immunisations should not be given into the buttock?

    <p>Risk of sciatic nerve damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to the skin before immunisation if it is visibly dirty?

    <p>Cleansed with soap and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct angle at which the needle should be inserted for IM injections?

    <p>90º angle to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be ensured before administering a vaccine?

    <p>The vaccinee is fully informed about the vaccines being given</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a true contraindication to vaccination?

    <p>Moderate or severe illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of anaphylaxis?

    <p>Rapid and unpredictable reaction with variable severity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct way to hold a baby for immunisation in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh?

    <p>Sit the child sideways on the parent’s lap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should alcohol and other disinfecting agents be allowed to dry before immunisation?

    <p>To prevent inactivation of live vaccines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a contraindication to vaccination?

    <p>Stable neurological condition such as cerebral palsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be recorded after each vaccination?

    <p>The site at which each vaccine was given</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended age range for LAIV administration?

    <p>2 years to under 18 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an exclusion criterion for LAIV administration?

    <p>Confirmed anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose of the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be given to patients who are at risk and have received a complete dose of the recommended influenza vaccine for the current season?

    <p>No further vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient has had a confirmed anaphylactic reaction to a component of the vaccine or residues from the manufacturing process?

    <p>Exclude the patient from LAIV administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended route of administration for LAIV?

    <p>Intramuscular in the mid deltoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be reported using the Yellow Card scheme?

    <p>All adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done in case of anaphylaxis after LAIV administration?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should the patient remain with the pharmacist after LAIV administration?

    <p>10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be provided to the patient after LAIV administration?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should records of LAIV administration be kept?

    <p>10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Patient Group Direction (PGD)

    • A PGD is not a substitute for professional judgment and accountability
    • You must practise only within the bounds of your own competence
    • You must work within the current version of the PGD
    • You must sign the PGD and complete the Record of Authorisation
    • You must check your professional liability insurance and hepatitis status

    Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

    • Vaccination service
    • IM vaccination
    • Hand washing
    • Actions in the event of a needlestick injury

    Record Keeping

    • Patient pre-vaccination screening
    • Patient post-vaccination check
    • Patient record and consent
    • Inform patient's GP
    • Self audit
    • Clinical audit
    • Document checklist

    The Vaccine

    • Quadrivalent Cell-based or Recombinant Influenza Vaccine (QIVc or QIVr)
    • Inactivated Egg-grown Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine (QIVe) may be offered only when every attempt to use QIVc or QIVr has been exhausted
    • Vaccine types:
      • A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1)pdm09-like strain
      • A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like strain
      • B/Austria/1359417/2021-like strain
      • B/Phuket/3073/2013-like strain
    • Storage: 2-8°C (do not freeze) in original packaging
    • Intensely monitored, especially black triangle

    Influenza Vaccination Service

    • Inclusion criteria: 13 years and above, self-identified as at risk, and exclusions
    • Consent: must include information that the live vaccine is recommended for 13-17 years and may be available at the GP
    • Identification of 'at risk' groups: 65+, chronic respiratory disease, heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, neurological disease, morbidly obese, learning disabilities, diabetes, immunosuppression, pregnant, people in long-stay residential or homes, carers, Health and Social Care staff

    Core Topic: Correct Administration of Vaccines

    • Identify correct dose and site of administration for each age group
    • List true contraindications and describe common false contraindications
    • Position patients of different ages for safe and effective vaccination
    • Reconstitute vaccines correctly
    • Explain how to prepare and dispose of vaccination equipment

    Vaccine Administration

    • Reconstitution of vaccine: avoid errors, maintain efficacy and stability
    • Check colour and composition of vaccine before administration
    • Check vaccine to ensure it is the right product and correct dose for the patient
    • Check expiry date
    • Route of injection: most vaccines should be given intramuscularly, except for BCG (intradermal), Japanese Encephalitis and Varicella (subcutaneous), and Cholera (oral)
    • Needle size: orange (25G, 16mm), blue (23G, 25mm), green (21G, 38mm)
    • Injection site: anterolateral aspect of the thigh for infants, deltoid area of the upper arm for older infants and adults
    • Avoid major nerves and blood vessels, and do not inject into the buttock

    Contraindications and Adverse Reactions

    • True contraindications: vaccination in moderately or severely unwell individuals, live vaccines in immunocompromised individuals, anaphylaxis to previous dose of vaccine or vaccine component
    • False contraindications: family history of adverse reactions, previous history of pertussis, measles, rubella, or mumps infection, prematurity, stable neurological conditions, contact with infectious disease, asthma, eczema, hay fever, treatment with antibiotics or locally-acting steroids, child's mother is pregnant, child being breastfed, history of jaundice after birth, under a certain weight, over the recommended age

    Immunisation Training

    • Learning outcomes: critically appraise the flu vaccination service, apply learning from the Green Book and chapter in influenza to clinical cases, explore the influenza vaccination PGD, practise the skills of immunisation using an intramuscular technique
    • Learning activity: lecture, workshop, and immunisation training

    The Flu Vaccination Service

    • Stages: assess individual, consent, and provide advice, vaccine preparation, vaccine administration, record keeping

    • Purpose: deliver effective patient care, provide equity in the availability and quality of services, provide a safe legal framework, reduce delays in treatment, maximise the use of skills of health professionals

    • Governance: organisational and individual authorisation, procedures, audit, patient journey### Post-Vaccination Procedures

    • Observe vaccine recipients for immediate adverse reactions

    • Report suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to the Committee on Safety of Medicines using the Yellow Card Scheme

    • Specific reporting guidelines for established and newly licensed vaccines

    Disposal of Vaccination Equipment

    • Dispose of reconstituted vaccines, opened vials, and used needles and syringes in yellow sharps bins
    • Dispose of BCG vaccine and equipment in the purple lidded waste container for cytotoxic waste
    • Replace sharps bins when 2/3rds full

    Recording Vaccination Information

    • Record vaccine name, batch number, and expiry date
    • Record dose administered, site(s) used, and date of immunisation
    • Record name and signature of vaccinator
    • Record information in patient-held record, GP record, or other patient record

    Contraindications and Exclusions

    • Contraindications for influenza vaccination include anaphylactic reactions to previous doses or components
    • Exclusions include those who have received a complete dose of the recommended influenza vaccine for the current season
    • Exclusions also include individuals suffering from acute severe febrile illness

    Administration of Influenza Vaccine

    • Administer 0.5ml intramuscular in mid deltoid
    • Rotate to 'mix' and allow to come to room temperature before use
    • Can give at the same time as other vaccines (separate sites at least 2.5cm apart)

    Adverse Effects and Anaphylaxis

    • Report adverse effects using the Yellow Card scheme
    • Common adverse effects include local reactions, fever, malaise, shivering, and fatigue
    • Rare adverse effects include Guillain-Barré syndrome and anaphylactic reactions
    • Anaphylaxis onset is within minutes to hours, and patients should remain with the vaccinator for 10 minutes after the procedure

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz assesses your knowledge on the flu vaccination service, including the Green Book and PGD guidelines, and immunisation techniques. Demonstrate your understanding of the service, records, and vaccination techniques, and practise intramuscular and subcutaneous techniques.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser