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Questions and Answers
In Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), which mechanism leads to platelet destruction?
In Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), which mechanism leads to platelet destruction?
- Direct lysis of platelets by complement activation.
- Inhibition of platelet production by the bone marrow due to IgG antibodies.
- Phagocytosis of antibody-bound platelets by splenic macrophages. (correct)
- Platelet aggregation and subsequent consumption in widespread thrombosis.
A 30-year-old female presents with easy bruising and petechiae. Her CBC reveals isolated thrombocytopenia. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely associated with her ITP?
A 30-year-old female presents with easy bruising and petechiae. Her CBC reveals isolated thrombocytopenia. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely associated with her ITP?
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Acute bacterial infection
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (correct)
- Recent blood transfusion
A blood smear of a patient with Evans syndrome will show what?
A blood smear of a patient with Evans syndrome will show what?
- Anemia, reticulocytosis, and spherocytes (correct)
- Monocytosis and lymphocytosis
- Eosinophilia and basophilia
- Thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis
A 5-year-old child presents with sudden onset of bruising and petechiae after recovering from a viral infection. Platelet count is 15,000/µL. Which of the following is the MOST likely underlying cause of this condition?
A 5-year-old child presents with sudden onset of bruising and petechiae after recovering from a viral infection. Platelet count is 15,000/µL. Which of the following is the MOST likely underlying cause of this condition?
What is the primary immunological mechanism behind ITP?
What is the primary immunological mechanism behind ITP?
Which of the following platelet glycoproteins are commonly targeted by autoantibodies in ITP?
Which of the following platelet glycoproteins are commonly targeted by autoantibodies in ITP?
Which of the following would be expected in Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura?
Which of the following would be expected in Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura?
Which of the following viral infections should be screened for when working up a patient suspected of having ITP?
Which of the following viral infections should be screened for when working up a patient suspected of having ITP?
Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical finding in ITP?
Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical finding in ITP?
In a typical case of ITP, what would you expect the size of the platelets to be?
In a typical case of ITP, what would you expect the size of the platelets to be?
Flashcards
ITP Definition
ITP Definition
IgG antibodies bind to platelets, leading to their destruction by the spleen, often targeting glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib/IX.
ITP: Autoimmune Disorder
ITP: Autoimmune Disorder
An autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system attacks and destroys platelets, leading to a decrease in platelet count.
ITP: Clinical Presentation
ITP: Clinical Presentation
Overall, patients are generally well and without fever, but present with mucosal or skin bleeding as the primary concern.
Evans Syndrome
Evans Syndrome
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Study Notes
- Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) involves IgG antibody formation, which binds to platelets, leading to their destruction in the spleen
- The antibodies target glycoproteins IIb/IIIa and Ib/IX on platelets
- ITP is a common hematologic disorder, second only to anemia in prevalence
- More common in children than adults
- Patients are generally well and without fever, with the primary complaint being mucosal or skin bleeding
- In children, it typically occurs after a viral illness
- In adults, it's often primary and idiopathic, linked to chronic diseases like HIV, Hep B/C, or SLE, and is more common in females aged 20-50
- Diagnosis includes evaluation for isolated thrombocytopenia on CBC
- Blood smear may show slightly larger platelets
- Work up may reveal Evans syndrome, characterized by anemia, reticulocytosis, and spherocytes
- Screening for Hep B/C and HIV is important
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