Immune System Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does immunity refer to?

Protection against harmful germs. (correct)

The ability to spread diseases.

The defense mechanism of white blood cells.

The natural process of aging.

What is the primary role of white blood cells?

Provide energy and nutrients.

Fight against germs and viruses. (correct)

Clot the blood after an injury.

Transport oxygen to cells.

Which part of the body is considered the first line of defense in the immune system?

Skin (correct)

Tonsils

White blood cells

Lungs

Which of the following is NOT a part of the immune system?

Bones Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for making blood cells?

Bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

How does the immune system respond to a germ it has encountered before?

It learns and remembers how to fight the infection. Signup and view all the answers

What function do lymph vessels serve in the body?

Transport lymph fluid throughout the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the adenoids in the immune system?

Keep infection out of the throat. Signup and view all the answers

What role do the mucous membranes play in the immune system?

They act as a barrier to germs. Signup and view all the answers

Why do most people not get sick from millions of germs every day?

Their immune system protects them. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell is known for moving around the body to seek out foreign materials?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of immunization on the immune system?

It helps the body become immune to diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of platelets in the blood?

Clot the blood to prevent excessive bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the immune system?

It strengthens with age and experience. Signup and view all the answers

Where are macrophages primarily located?

In various tissues throughout the body. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood helps provide energy and growth?

Plasma Signup and view all the answers

What does it indicate if a person does not catch the same diseases repeatedly?

The immune system is successfully destroying pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

Which food group is best for strengthening the immune system?

Fruits and vegetables. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body?

Allergies may develop. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of saliva in the mouth?

To break down cell walls of bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which of these actions helps maintain a healthy immune system?

Washing hands regularly. Signup and view all the answers

How does mucous contribute to the body's defense against pathogens?

By trapping bacteria, viruses, and dust Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of stomach acid in the digestive system?

To kill most germs and aid in food digestion Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of a well-functioning immune system?

Successful recovery from illnesses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lymph in the lymphatic system?

To carry only white blood cells throughout the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following foods could weaken the immune system?

Cakes and sweets. Signup and view all the answers

What role do lymph nodes play in the immune response?

They filter out and destroy bacteria and viruses Signup and view all the answers

What might occur if the immune system is damaged?

Increased likelihood of serious illnesses. Signup and view all the answers

What does swelling and soreness around a cut signify?

The immune system is responding to an infection. Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is responsible for clearing out worn out blood cells and combating infections?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

How do swollen lymph nodes during an infection typically indicate the immune system's activity?

They show that the body is fighting off infection Signup and view all the answers

What function does the thymus serve in the immune system?

To train T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of friendly bacteria in the bowel?

They help digest food and break it into necessary components. Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism do antibodies use to help the immune system?

They tag invaders for other white blood cells to destroy. Signup and view all the answers

How does the immune system identify cells that belong to the body?

By a special system called antigens. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during a blood transfusion with incompatible blood types?

The body attacks the transfused blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of white blood cells primarily responsible for?

Killing bacteria and viruses. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign that the immune system is functioning well?

General good health and resilience to disease. Signup and view all the answers

What role do lymphocytes play in the immune system?

They create antibodies that target pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to a strong immune system?

Regular exercise and balanced nutrition. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

What is the Immune System?

Protects the body from diseases and germs
Different parts of the immune system work together
Inbuilt immunity protects from most invading germs
Some immunity is inherited from mothers
Immunization helps build immunity
Immune system remembers how to fight off past infections and diseases

Parts of the Immune System

Skin: The first line of defense
Tonsils and Adenoids: Trap germs in throat and ears
Sinuses: Located in the nose
Lungs: Key part of the respiratory system
Bowel: Filters and processes food
White blood cells: Found in blood and lymph fluid, defend against invaders
Lymphatic system: Circulates lymph fluid to filter debris and fight infections

How Does the Skin Defend the Body?

The skin acts as a barrier to keep germs from entering the body
The epidermis contains cells that warn the body about incoming germs
Glands in the skin produce anti-bacterial chemicals that kill some bacteria

How Does the Lymphatic System Defend the Body?

Lymph: A clear fluid carrying white blood cells, but no red blood cells
Lymph nodes: Filter out and destroy bacteria and viruses collected in the lymph
Spleen: Removes worn-out blood cells and fights infections
Thymus: Trains T cells (a type of white blood cell) to identify and destroy germs
Bone marrow: Where blood cells are made
Adenoids: Protect ears from infection
Tonsils: Kill germs entering the throat
Lymph vessels: Transport lymph fluid throughout the body

How Does the Body Defend Against Foreign Materials?

Tears and saliva contain enzymes that break down bacteria and viruses
Mucous traps bacteria and viruses in the nose, throat, and lungs
Stomach acid destroys most germs and starts the digestion process

White Blood Cell Types and Function

Neutrophils: Seek out and destroy foreign material in the blood
Macrophages: The largest blood cells, clean the body, and help digestion in the bowel
Antibodies: Made by lymphocytes, tag invaders for destruction by white blood cells
White Blood Cells: Recognize and destroy cells that are "not you" - including those from a blood transfusion

How to Build a Strong Immune System

Eat fruits, vegetables, and foods rich in vitamin C, such as oranges, lemons, apples, and pineapples.
Avoid high-sugar, high-salt processed foods and sugary snacks.
Wash your hands often, especially before eating and after using the toilet.

Signs of a Healthy Immune System

You recover quickly from illnesses
Cuts heal without becoming infected
You do not get the same diseases repeatedly
You experience swollen glands when fighting infections
You develop swelling and soreness around cuts

Immune System Mistakes: Allergies

Allergic reactions occur when the immune system overreacts to harmless substances
Pollen triggers hay fever and asthma

Consequences of a Damaged Immune System

Increased susceptibility to infections
Increased risk of serious illnesses
Inability to effectively fight off infections or abnormal cells

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Description

Test your knowledge of the immune system, including its components and how it protects the body from diseases and germs. This quiz covers everything from the skin's role as a barrier to the functions of white blood cells and immunization.