Immune Response to Microbes

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What is the primary function of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes?

To activate macrophages to destroy phagocytosed microbes

To stimulate the production of antibodies against extracellular microbes

To kill infected cells (correct)

To recognize extracellular microbes through class II MHC pathway

Which MHC pathway is associated with the recognition of protein antigens from microbes that live in the cytoplasm of infected cells?

Class III MHC pathway

Antigen-independent pathway

Class II MHC pathway

Class I MHC pathway (correct)

What is the role of CD4+ helper T lymphocytes in the immune response?

To present antigens to B lymphocytes

To activate macrophages to destroy phagocytosed microbes

To recognize and eliminate infected cells

To stimulate the production of antibodies against extracellular microbes (correct)

How do protein antigens from microbes that are endocytosed by macrophages and B lymphocytes enter the MHC pathway?

Through the class II MHC pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the class I and class II MHC pathways?

The source of the antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of MHC-associated antigen presentation by CD8+ and CD4+ effector T cells?

To eliminate infected cells and extracellular microbes Signup and view all the answers

Where are protein antigens of microbes concentrated after entering the body?

In the lymph nodes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendritic cells in T cell-dependent immune responses?

To induce T-dependent responses Signup and view all the answers

What type of APC is responsible for presenting antigens to effector T cells in cell-mediated immune reactions?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cells are reactivated by macrophages to induce killing of ingested microbes?

CD4+ helper T cells Signup and view all the answers

What promotes the entry of naive T lymphocytes into the T cell zones of lymph nodes?

CCR7 Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for a T cell response to begin in the lymph nodes after a microbial antigen is introduced at any site in the body?

12 to 18 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cells recognize peptide antigens displayed by MHC molecules of antigen-presenting cells?

Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the property of T cells that requires them to recognize peptides only when displayed by an individual's MHC molecules?

MHC restriction Signup and view all the answers

Where are microbial antigens located in host cells that are recognized by CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes?

In the cytosol and nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of MHC molecules in the immune system?

To capture and display antigens to lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What type of T cells recognize and respond to extracellular and intracellular microbes internalized into vesicular compartments in host cells?

CD4+ helper T lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which protein antigens are captured, broken down, and displayed for recognition by T lymphocytes?

Antigen processing Signup and view all the answers