Immune Response Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

Where do antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils, typically move to after phagocytosis and presentation of pathogens' antigens on MHC I and MHC II?

  • The thymus
  • The bone marrow
  • The spleen
  • The closest lymph node (correct)

What is the function of CD4+ helper T-cells in the humoral response?

  • To differentiate into plasma cells
  • To recognise and bind to antigenic peptides on B-cells' MHC II (correct)
  • To produce and secrete antigen-specific antibodies
  • To recognise and bind to antigens on MHC I

What is the result of the binding of CD4+ helper T-cells to B-cells' MHC II?

  • B-cells differentiate into plasma cells and produce antibodies (correct)
  • T-cells undergo clonal expansion
  • B-cells undergo apoptosis
  • Antigens are released from the B-cells

What is the function of the constant region of an immunoglobulin?

<p>To provide structural support to the immunoglobulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the primary immune response involving B-lymphocytes?

<p>The production of immunoglobulins at a rate of 2000 per second (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the primary and secondary immune responses involving B-lymphocytes?

<p>The primary response is slower, while the secondary response is faster due to the involvement of B memory cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the immune cells with their primary function:

<p>B-lymphocytes = Recognize and present antigens to T-cells T-lymphocytes = Produce and secrete antigen-specific antibodies APCs = Produce immunoglobulin receptors on their surface Dendritic cells = Undergo endocytosis to internalize antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the immunoglobulin components with their functions:

<p>Variable region of light chain = Provides antigenic binding site Constant region of heavy chain = Determines the antibody's class and function Disulfide bonds = Holds the tetramer structure together Heavy chain region of light chain = Involved in agglutination</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the immune response stages with their characteristics:

<p>Primary immune response = Involves the activation of B memory cells Humoral response = Involves the activation of T-lymphocytes Secondary immune response = Produces 2000 antibodies per second Antigen presentation = Occurs in the closest lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the immunoglobulin structures with their descriptions:

<p>Tetramers = Composed of two light and two heavy chains Polypeptide chains = Consists of constant and variable regions Antigenic binding site = Located on the variable region of the heavy chain Disulfide bonds = Forms the light chain region of the immunoglobulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the immune cell interactions with their outcomes:

<p>CD4+ helper T-cells binding to B-cells' MHC II = Activation of B-cells' antibody production T-lymphocytes recognizing antigens on MHC I = Activation of cytotoxic T-cells Antigen presentation on MHC II = Activation of B-cells' endocytosis B-cells recognizing antigens via immunoglobulin receptors = Activation of CD4+ helper T-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the immune response mechanisms with their effects:

<p>Agglutination = Traps pathogens and prevents their spread Antigen presentation = Activates immune responses by presenting antigens Endocytosis = Internalizes antigens for processing and presentation Immunoglobulin production = Provides long-term immunity against pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

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