Immune Function Disorders Quiz

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What is the main cause of autoimmune diseases?

Overproduction of B cells
Deficiency of T cells
Decreased antibody production
Failure of self-tolerance mechanisms (correct)

Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?

Psoriasis
Asthma
Influenza
Rheumatoid arthritis (correct)

What is the main effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on helper T cell count?

It has no effect on helper T cell count
It increases helper T cell count
It causes abnormal proliferation of helper T cells
It decreases helper T cell count (correct)

How is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) primarily transmitted?

Unprotected sexual contact or sharing needles with an infected person (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three principal things that can go wrong with immune function?

Hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency diseases (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?

Genetic mutation affecting T and B lymphocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of hypersensitivity reactions, and what are their characteristics?

Immediate, delayed, cytotoxic, and immune complex; each involving different immunoglobulins and effector mechanisms (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the diseases to which a person with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) becomes more susceptible?

Pneumocystis pneumonia, Kaposi's sarcoma, and tuberculosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mode of action of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Attacks and destroys white blood cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What normally prevents the occurrence of autoimmune diseases?

Regulation by suppressor T cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the pathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

Severe depletion of helper T cells and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of hypersensitivity reactions?

Excessive or inappropriate immune response to an antigen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?

Defective gene that impairs the function of T cells and B cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the mode of action of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Attacks and destroys white blood cells, particularly helper T cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of hypersensitivity type I reaction on the body?

Release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells and basophils (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of autoimmune diseases?

Loss of tolerance to self-antigens, leading to immune attack on the body's own tissues (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MHC-II proteins in the response of an immunocompetent B cell to a foreign antigen?

Activating the B cell to undergo clonal selection (B) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a plasma cell from a B cell?

Plasma cells produce antibodies while B cells do not (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do antibodies combat antigens by opsonization?

By coating the antigens to make them more susceptible to phagocytosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MHC-II proteins in the response of an immunocompetent B cell to a foreign antigen?

Bind to the antigen and present it to T helper cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a plasma cell and a B cell?

Plasma cells have a longer lifespan than B cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do antibodies combat antigens by opsonization?

By binding to the antigens and making them more attractive to phagocytic cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do antibodies combat antigens through neutralization?

By binding to the antigens and blocking their activity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of a TH cell in the response of an immunocompetent B cell to a foreign antigen?

Activating the B cell to undergo clonal selection and differentiation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a plasma cell from a memory B cell?

Plasma cells are short-lived, while memory B cells are long-lived (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) when it detects a foreign antigen?

It presents the foreign antigen to T cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the functional differences between MHC-I and MHC-II proteins?

MHC-I presents endogenous antigens, while MHC-II presents exogenous antigens (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of activated TH cells in cellular immunity?

Stimulate other immune cells like neutrophils and macrophages (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of immune memory in cellular immunity?

It results in an immediate and stronger response upon re-exposure to the same antigen (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three fundamental stages of cellular immunity?

Antigen recognition, costimulation, and clonal selection of a T cell, differentiation of selected T cells into effector cells and memory cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

How do activated TH cells stimulate neutrophils, NK cells, and macrophages in cellular immunity?

By releasing cytokines such as interferons and tumor necrosis factor (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of MHC-I proteins in cellular immunity?

Recognition of antigens by cytotoxic T cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of immune memory in cellular immunity?

Enhanced responsiveness to previously encountered antigens (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in cellular immunity?

Activating T cells by presenting antigens (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of activated cytotoxic T (TC) cells in cellular immunity?

Destroying target cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of MHC restriction in cellular immunity?

It ensures that T cells only recognize foreign antigens presented with MHC proteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of activated helper T (TH) cells in cellular immunity?

Stimulating neutrophils, NK cells, and macrophages (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three fundamental stages of cellular immunity?

Antigen presentation, costimulation, and T cell activation (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do activated cytotoxic T (TC) cells destroy target cells in cellular immunity?

Release of perforin and granzymes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) when they detect a foreign antigen?

Presentation of the foreign antigen to T cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional difference between MHC-I and MHC-II proteins in cellular immunity?

MHC-I presents endogenous antigens while MHC-II presents exogenous antigens (A) Signup and view all the answers

Immune Function Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main cause of autoimmune diseases?

Which of the following is an example of an autoimmune disease?

What is the main effect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on helper T cell count?

How is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) primarily transmitted?

What are the three principal things that can go wrong with immune function?

What is the specific cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?

What are the four types of hypersensitivity reactions, and what are their characteristics?

What are the diseases to which a person with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) becomes more susceptible?

What is the main mode of action of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

What normally prevents the occurrence of autoimmune diseases?

Which of the following best describes the pathology of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?

What is the main cause of hypersensitivity reactions?

What is the specific cause of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)?

Which of the following best describes the mode of action of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

What is the main effect of hypersensitivity type I reaction on the body?

What is the primary cause of autoimmune diseases?

What is the role of MHC-II proteins in the response of an immunocompetent B cell to a foreign antigen?

What distinguishes a plasma cell from a B cell?

How do antibodies combat antigens by opsonization?

What is the role of MHC-II proteins in the response of an immunocompetent B cell to a foreign antigen?

What is the main difference between a plasma cell and a B cell?

How do antibodies combat antigens by opsonization?

How do antibodies combat antigens through neutralization?

What is the main role of a TH cell in the response of an immunocompetent B cell to a foreign antigen?

What distinguishes a plasma cell from a memory B cell?

What is the function of an antigen-presenting cell (APC) when it detects a foreign antigen?

What are the functional differences between MHC-I and MHC-II proteins?

What is the main role of activated TH cells in cellular immunity?

What are the characteristics of immune memory in cellular immunity?

What are the three fundamental stages of cellular immunity?

How do activated TH cells stimulate neutrophils, NK cells, and macrophages in cellular immunity?

What is the role of MHC-I proteins in cellular immunity?

What are the characteristics of immune memory in cellular immunity?

What is the main function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in cellular immunity?

What is the primary function of activated cytotoxic T (TC) cells in cellular immunity?

What is the significance of MHC restriction in cellular immunity?

What is the role of activated helper T (TH) cells in cellular immunity?

What are the three fundamental stages of cellular immunity?

How do activated cytotoxic T (TC) cells destroy target cells in cellular immunity?

What is the role of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) when they detect a foreign antigen?

What is the functional difference between MHC-I and MHC-II proteins in cellular immunity?

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