Immune Deficiency Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of immune deficiency is characterized by a single nucleotide mis-sense mutation in the beta-2 Integrin gene?

  • Primary immune deficiency
  • Secondary immune deficiency
  • SCID
  • Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (correct)

What is the main difference between primary and secondary immune deficiencies?

  • Primary immune deficiencies are more common than secondary immune deficiencies
  • Primary immune deficiencies are caused by pathogens, while secondary immune deficiencies are caused by cytokine signaling
  • Primary immune deficiencies are inherited, while secondary immune deficiencies are not (correct)
  • Primary immune deficiencies are treatable, while secondary immune deficiencies are not

What is the most common cause of secondary immune deficiency?

  • Pathogens
  • Age
  • Cytokine signaling
  • Chronic disease (correct)

Which type of immune deficiency is clinically apparent in early life and has an increased mortality chance?

<p>Primary immune deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD)?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is commonly affected by Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD)?

<p>Irish Setter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of white blood cells in the immune system?

<p>Eliminating pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does persistent neutrophilia indicate in Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD)?

<p>Impaired neutrophil function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune deficiency is caused by a mutation in a gene associated with the immune response?

<p>Primary immune deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likelihood of finding Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD) in a clinic?

<p>Low (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is affected by a mutation for key cytokines (IL-2, 4, 7, 9, 15) leading to immune system failure?

<p>Basset Hound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is affected by a mutation for lymphocyte formation inhibiting the immune response once maternal immunity has waned?

<p>Jack Russel Terrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is affected by a mutation impacting T & B cell receptors, inhibiting somatic mutation to different antigens, and has a clinical diagnosis that is not straightforward?

<p>Arabian horse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor may not be a useful marker for immunodeficiency syndromes?

<p>Lymphopenia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is associated with age-related decline in immune function?

<p>Malnutrition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can suppress the immune response and increase infection susceptibility?

<p>Glucocorticoids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be the underlying cause if an animal shows reduced concentrations of cytokines and reduced T lymphocyte function?

<p>Malnutrition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune deficiency is characterized by a single nucleotide mis-sense mutation in the beta-2 Integrin gene?

<p>Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can suppress the immune response and increase infection susceptibility?

<p>Age, chronic disease, infection, therapeutics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is affected by a mutation for key cytokines (IL-2, 4, 7, 9, 15) leading to immune system failure?

<p>Irish Setter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of white blood cells in the immune system?

<p>Eliminating pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likelihood of finding Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD) in a clinic?

<p>Rare</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of Canine leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CLAD)?

<p>Abnormal blood clotting &amp; Impaired immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of secondary immune deficiency?

<p>Physiological or pathological change within the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the breed-specific mutations associated with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) in dogs and horses?

<p>Basset Hound: Mutation for key cytokines (IL-2, 4, 7, 9, 15). Jack Russel Terrier: Mutation for Lymphocyte formation. Arabian horse: Mutation impacts T &amp; B cell receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical manifestations of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) in Arabian horses?

<p>Pyrexia, respiratory complications, diarrhea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential causes of lymphopenia?

<p>Chronic stress, immune deficiency syndromes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the secondary immune deficiencies discussed in the text?

<p>Age-related decline, specific infectious disease, chronic stress, malnutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can suppress the immune response and increase infection susceptibility?

<p>Glucocorticoids (e.g. due to chronic stress), chronic stress, malnutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors can increase immune function?

<p>Low intensity exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of reduced concentrations of cytokines and reduced T lymphocyte function?

<p>It indicates malnutrition and reduced immune function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered if an animal shows recurrent infections, neutrophilia or lymphopenia, and susceptibility to infection?

<p>An immune deficiency should be considered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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