31 Questions
Which type of immune cells are responsible for phagocytosis and the complement cascade?
Neutrophils
In response to a bacterial infection, what may an increase in immature neutrophils indicate?
'Left Shift'
What is the main function of neutrophil extracellular traps?
Imprison and kill infected cells
Which immune cells are responsible for attacking eukaryotic pathogens such as fungi and protozoa?
Eosinophils
Which type of immune cells are involved in the response to viral infections by recognizing and killing infected cells?
Natural killer/Tcytotoxic cells
Which type of pathogens are too large to be phagocytosed and are attacked with the complement cascade?
Fungi
Which immune cells are responsible for the slow release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes during first exposure to antigens?
Basophils
What is the main function of Mast cells in the tissue?
Rapid release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes
Which immune cells are important for parasitic infections such as protozoan, fungi, and worms?
Eosinophils
What do Monocytes mature into?
Macrophage or Dendritic cells
What is the role of Plasmacytoid Dendritic cells?
Produce Interferon alpha for anti-viral response
What do Eosinophils release to kill eukaryotic pathogens?
Perforin and Granzymes
What is the main function of Basophils during first exposure to antigens?
Slow release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes
What is a characteristic of Macrophage (M1 polarized)?
Secrete proinflammatory cytokines
'Roll' along surface of blood vessel following a gradient is a characteristic of which immune cells?
'Trained cell' with adaptive response to antigen
'Ingest foreign material, place on cell surface and bring to cells in lymph nodes/spleen for Antigen Presentation' is a function of which type of Dendritic cells?
'Conventional Dendritic cell (myeloid)'
What is the main function of prostaglandins in the inflammatory response?
Restructuring the environment to facilitate white blood cell recruitment
Which molecule induces vasoconstriction and pro-clotting as opposed to the actions of prostaglandins?
Coxswain
What is likely to be the cause of fever and body aches due to the lack of an opsonin pathway being activated?
Lack of pathogen recognition and elimination
Which white blood cells are primarily responsible for locating any pathogens that may have entered the body following a wound?
Neutrophils
What is the main effect of Coxswain on the inflammatory response?
Inducing vasoconstriction
What is the significance of prostaglandins in setting up the next steps in the inflammatory response?
Restructuring the environment to facilitate white blood cell recruitment
What is the primary target of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)?
Cox pathway
What effect do NSAIDs have on the inflammatory response?
Reduce the fever response
What is the potential downside of using NSAIDs?
Prolonged infections
What is the function of turmeric in relation to inflammation?
Targets Cox two
Which pathway does turmeric primarily target?
Cox two
What is a potential risk associated with inhibiting both Cox one and Cox two pathways?
GI distress
What is the primary target of nitric oxide in the context of inflammation?
Pro-inflammatory activity
What are the potential consequences of inhibiting the entire inflammatory response?
Prolonged infections and GI distress
'Roll' along surface of blood vessel following a gradient is a characteristic of which immune cells?
Neutrophils
Test your knowledge of immune cell development and the different types of pathogens they combat. This quiz covers topics like hematopoiesis, proliferation, differentiation, and the immune responses to bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotic pathogens.
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