Immune Cells and Pathogen Types Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of immune cells are responsible for phagocytosis and the complement cascade?

  • Neutrophils (correct)
  • Natural killer/Tcytotoxic cells
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils

In response to a bacterial infection, what may an increase in immature neutrophils indicate?

  • Viral infection
  • Chronic infection
  • 'Left Shift' (correct)
  • 'Right Shift'

What is the main function of neutrophil extracellular traps?

  • Engulf and digest pathogens
  • Produce antibodies
  • Imprison and kill infected cells (correct)
  • Release antimicrobial proteins

Which immune cells are responsible for attacking eukaryotic pathogens such as fungi and protozoa?

<p>Eosinophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune cells are involved in the response to viral infections by recognizing and killing infected cells?

<p>Natural killer/Tcytotoxic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathogens are too large to be phagocytosed and are attacked with the complement cascade?

<p>Fungi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells are responsible for the slow release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes during first exposure to antigens?

<p>Basophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Mast cells in the tissue?

<p>Rapid release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune cells are important for parasitic infections such as protozoan, fungi, and worms?

<p>Eosinophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Monocytes mature into?

<p>Macrophage or Dendritic cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Plasmacytoid Dendritic cells?

<p>Produce Interferon alpha for anti-viral response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Eosinophils release to kill eukaryotic pathogens?

<p>Perforin and Granzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Basophils during first exposure to antigens?

<p>Slow release of histamine, heparin, and leukotrienes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Macrophage (M1 polarized)?

<p>Secrete proinflammatory cytokines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Roll' along surface of blood vessel following a gradient is a characteristic of which immune cells?

<p>'Trained cell' with adaptive response to antigen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Ingest foreign material, place on cell surface and bring to cells in lymph nodes/spleen for Antigen Presentation' is a function of which type of Dendritic cells?

<p>'Conventional Dendritic cell (myeloid)' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of prostaglandins in the inflammatory response?

<p>Restructuring the environment to facilitate white blood cell recruitment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule induces vasoconstriction and pro-clotting as opposed to the actions of prostaglandins?

<p>Coxswain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to be the cause of fever and body aches due to the lack of an opsonin pathway being activated?

<p>Lack of pathogen recognition and elimination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which white blood cells are primarily responsible for locating any pathogens that may have entered the body following a wound?

<p>Neutrophils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of Coxswain on the inflammatory response?

<p>Inducing vasoconstriction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of prostaglandins in setting up the next steps in the inflammatory response?

<p>Restructuring the environment to facilitate white blood cell recruitment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)?

<p>Cox pathway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do NSAIDs have on the inflammatory response?

<p>Reduce the fever response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential downside of using NSAIDs?

<p>Prolonged infections (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of turmeric in relation to inflammation?

<p>Targets Cox two (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway does turmeric primarily target?

<p>Cox two (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk associated with inhibiting both Cox one and Cox two pathways?

<p>GI distress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of nitric oxide in the context of inflammation?

<p>Pro-inflammatory activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential consequences of inhibiting the entire inflammatory response?

<p>Prolonged infections and GI distress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Roll' along surface of blood vessel following a gradient is a characteristic of which immune cells?

<p><em>Neutrophils</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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