Imagination and Common Sense Quiz

<p>To make innate judgements about environmental objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow animals and humans to learn what to approach or avoid in the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analytical reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding cosmic plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active intellect</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Averroism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discovery of the light-sensitive part of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethical living and mental health relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theological qualities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To modify the works of Aristotle and incorporate them into church dogma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examining arguments and counterarguments to clarify issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Realists believed that essences (universals) exist independently, while nominalists believed they are just verbal labels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptualism, which held that universal essences do not exist but similarities among experiences do, and we form concepts based on these commonalities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heloise became a nun, and Abelard became a monk, limiting their future interaction to love letters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It resulted in him being ordered by the Pope to stop teaching and writing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anselm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To modify the works and incorporate them into church dogma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That just because we can name something, it does not necessarily mean there is something real that corresponds to the name</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abelard was castrated as revenge by Heloise's uncle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He attempted to show that many passages could be understood rationally or as allegory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If we can think of something, there must be a real thing corresponding to that thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Faith in the existence of God</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Faith, reason, and the study of God's works (the empirical world)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maimonides attempted to show that faith and reason could be reconciled</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It attempted to prove God's existence through logical reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He made significant contributions to science through detailed observations of nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reconciling the Aristotelian emphasis on empirical observation guided by reason with the church's tradition of revelation, faith, and spiritual experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It made the study of nature (empirical observation) respectable and showed the world that argument over church dogma was possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universals are nothing more than verbal labels that we use to describe our experiences, and their existence is unnecessary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He changed the question concerning the nature of knowledge from a metaphysical problem to a psychological problem, focusing on how the mind classifies experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occam believed that sensory experiences alone provided information about the world, while Aristotle believed that reason needed to be applied to extract knowledge of universals and essences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It marked the beginning of the Renaissance, as it showed that philosophy without religious overtones was becoming a possibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The church made great efforts to suppress Occam's views, as he said that God's existence must be accepted on faith and could never be confirmed by studying nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avicenna saw the active intellect as having theological qualities, allowing humans to understand the cosmic plan and enter a relationship with God.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Averroës believed that only the active intellect aspect of the soul survives death, because the active intellect is the same for everyone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reconcile Judaism with the scientific and philosophical thought of the day, particularly Aristotelian philosophy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observing that those who survived smallpox were thereafter immune to the disease, suggesting inoculation as a way of preventing disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avicenna saw the active intellect as having theological qualities, allowing humans to understand the cosmic plan and enter a relationship with God.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maimonides anticipated the modern concern with psychosomatic disorders by showing the relationship between ethical living and mental health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avicenna saw the active intellect as a separate entity from the human mind, while Aristotle viewed it as an internal component of the human mind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By continuing to think of a being greater than any we can conceive, we will ultimately reach the idea of God, who must therefore exist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maimonides stated that many passages in the Old Testament and Talmud should be understood allegorically rather than literally when they contradict reason.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abelard's dialectic method involved presenting multiple conflicting arguments on a topic and then seeking to reconcile them through rational analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Faith, Reason, and Empirical Study</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reconcile the philosophical teachings of ancient Greek thinkers like Plato and Aristotle with Christian theology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to creatively combine information from different sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To make judgments about environmental objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retentive imagination allows storing of information, while common sense synthesizes external senses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to imagine objects without prior experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals strictly associate pain with avoidance and pleasure with approach, unlike humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals rely strictly on associative processes, while humans can creatively combine information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Logic and physics are two different disciplines with separate applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reification</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conceptualism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are based on conceptual similarities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use of dialectic method</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concern for Abelard's career</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Live separate lives</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abelard became a monk and Heloise a nun</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>William of Champeaux</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dialectic method</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exerting control over the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of citizens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Crusades against the Muslims</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He postulated seven 'interior senses' arranged in a hierarchy, building on Aristotle's philosophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the preservation of ancient knowledge during the expansion of the Islamic empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Islamic and Jewish influences coexisted and contributed to the preservation of ancient knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a comprehensive treatise on medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle's thoughts were modified to fit Christian beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To further the expansion and conquest of the Islamic empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Crusades facilitated the exchange of knowledge, leading to the rediscovery of Aristotle's writings in the West</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They translated, studied, and expanded upon ancient wisdom while attempting to make it compatible with Islam</p> Signup and view all the answers