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Questions and Answers
The IL-2 signaling through its receptor (IL-2R) promotes T cell survival, expansion, and differentiation into regulatory T cells.
The IL-2 signaling through its receptor (IL-2R) promotes T cell survival, expansion, and differentiation into regulatory T cells.
False
Costimulatory signals provided by APCs, proinflammatory cytokines, and IL-2 are critical for T cell activation but do not impact proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells.
Costimulatory signals provided by APCs, proinflammatory cytokines, and IL-2 are critical for T cell activation but do not impact proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells.
False
B7 molecules (CD80 and CD86) are expressed on the surface of T cells in response to microbial products and various cytokines.
B7 molecules (CD80 and CD86) are expressed on the surface of T cells in response to microbial products and various cytokines.
False
CD28 engagement promotes the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and the expression of other cytokines necessary for T cell activation and function.
CD28 engagement promotes the production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and the expression of other cytokines necessary for T cell activation and function.
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In APC-T cell interactions, B7 molecules interact with the CD28 receptor on APCs to provide essential costimulatory signals.
In APC-T cell interactions, B7 molecules interact with the CD28 receptor on APCs to provide essential costimulatory signals.
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Costimulatory signals are not important for T cell activation.
Costimulatory signals are not important for T cell activation.
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If an APC presents a self-antigen without costimulatory signals, the T cell may become tolerant to the self-antigen.
If an APC presents a self-antigen without costimulatory signals, the T cell may become tolerant to the self-antigen.
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CD28 is a cell surface antigen expressed on T cells that is involved in T cell activation.
CD28 is a cell surface antigen expressed on T cells that is involved in T cell activation.
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Activation of APCs by microbial products leads to an increase in the expression of costimulators.
Activation of APCs by microbial products leads to an increase in the expression of costimulators.
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Cytokines are not involved in promoting the production of IL-2 by cells.
Cytokines are not involved in promoting the production of IL-2 by cells.
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CTLA-4 competes with CD28 for binding to B7 molecules on APCs.
CTLA-4 competes with CD28 for binding to B7 molecules on APCs.
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CD28-B7 interactions result in the inhibition of T cell activation.
CD28-B7 interactions result in the inhibition of T cell activation.
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PD-1 sends activating signals upon binding to its ligand.
PD-1 sends activating signals upon binding to its ligand.
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B7 molecules are expressed on the surface of T cells in response to microbial products.
B7 molecules are expressed on the surface of T cells in response to microbial products.
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CD28 engagement promotes the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in T cells.
CD28 engagement promotes the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in T cells.
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Modulation of the B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes involves enhancing inhibitory signals.
Modulation of the B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes involves enhancing inhibitory signals.
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CD28 interacts with CD86 (B7.2) on the surface of APCs to provide a crucial second signal for T cell activation.
CD28 interacts with CD86 (B7.2) on the surface of APCs to provide a crucial second signal for T cell activation.
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The interaction between B7 molecules and CD28 receptor is essential for T cell activation.
The interaction between B7 molecules and CD28 receptor is essential for T cell activation.
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Innate immune responses triggered by microbial pathogens do not lead to the upregulation of costimulatory molecules on APCs.
Innate immune responses triggered by microbial pathogens do not lead to the upregulation of costimulatory molecules on APCs.
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Costimulatory blockade interferes with the interaction between MHC complex and T cell receptor.
Costimulatory blockade interferes with the interaction between MHC complex and T cell receptor.
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Interleukin-2 (IL-2) promotes the expansion of activated T cells and supports their effector functions.
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) promotes the expansion of activated T cells and supports their effector functions.
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Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is only relevant for treating allergies.
Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is only relevant for treating allergies.
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Costimulatory blockade is approved for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and tissue transplant.
Costimulatory blockade is approved for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and tissue transplant.
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CD80 and CD86 are downregulated on APCs upon encountering microbial pathogens.
CD80 and CD86 are downregulated on APCs upon encountering microbial pathogens.
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Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is not relevant in influencing T cell activation.
Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is not relevant in influencing T cell activation.
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IL-2 primarily acts in an autocrine manner to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells.
IL-2 primarily acts in an autocrine manner to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells.
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Surrogate Light Chain Transition is a crucial step in the activation and proliferation of T cells.
Surrogate Light Chain Transition is a crucial step in the activation and proliferation of T cells.
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Costimulatory signals provided by APCs and IL-2 are sufficient for T cell activation but not for proliferation and differentiation.
Costimulatory signals provided by APCs and IL-2 are sufficient for T cell activation but not for proliferation and differentiation.
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Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is not related to regulating immune responses against pathogens.
Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is not related to regulating immune responses against pathogens.
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The expression of costimulators in APC-T cell interactions is not influenced by microbial products and cytokines.
The expression of costimulators in APC-T cell interactions is not influenced by microbial products and cytokines.
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Costimulatory signals are not crucial for T cell activation according to the text.
Costimulatory signals are not crucial for T cell activation according to the text.
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In the absence of costimulatory signals, T cell activation may occur normally.
In the absence of costimulatory signals, T cell activation may occur normally.
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CD28 is not a key costimulatory molecule involved in T cell activation according to the text.
CD28 is not a key costimulatory molecule involved in T cell activation according to the text.
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CD28 interacts with CD86 (B7.2) on the surface of APCs to provide a crucial second signal for T cell activation.
CD28 interacts with CD86 (B7.2) on the surface of APCs to provide a crucial second signal for T cell activation.
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The presence of costimulatory signals like CD28-B7 interactions does not impact whether a T cell becomes activated or tolerant to the antigen presented by the APC.
The presence of costimulatory signals like CD28-B7 interactions does not impact whether a T cell becomes activated or tolerant to the antigen presented by the APC.
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B7 molecules are not expressed on the surface of APCs in response to microbial products and various cytokines.
B7 molecules are not expressed on the surface of APCs in response to microbial products and various cytokines.
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Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is not discussed in the text.
Manipulation of B7/CD28 interaction for therapeutic purposes is not discussed in the text.
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Surrogate light chain transition is unrelated to the regulation of immune responses.
Surrogate light chain transition is unrelated to the regulation of immune responses.
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Allelic exclusion plays a critical role in modulating immune responses according to the text.
Allelic exclusion plays a critical role in modulating immune responses according to the text.
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Activation of Light Chain Recombination is essential for the differentiation into regulatory T cells.
Activation of Light Chain Recombination is essential for the differentiation into regulatory T cells.
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