Igneous Rocks and Magma Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of texture of igneous rocks is characterized by large, visible crystals?

  • Porphyritic
  • Pyroclastic
  • Phaneritic (correct)
  • Aphanitic
  • Which type of magma is associated with higher temperatures, lower viscosity, and darker colors?

  • Felsic
  • Mafic (correct)
  • Intermediate
  • Ultramafic
  • Where would you expect to find basaltic magma forming?

  • Divergent plate boundaries (correct)
  • Hot spots
  • Transform plate boundaries
  • Convergent plate boundaries
  • How is magma typically generated?

    <p>Decompression melting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tectonic environment would likely produce andesitic magma?

    <p>Subduction zones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that leads to the formation of granitic magma?

    <p>Partial melting of continental crust (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the viscosity of magma?

    <p>Composition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of volcanic eruption is characterized by a violent explosion and the ejection of rock fragments?

    <p>Plinian (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of volcanic feature forms when the summit of a volcano collapses into the emptied magma chamber below?

    <p>Caldera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does magma composition influence volcanic eruption styles?

    <p>Magma composition affects the viscosity and gas content, which in turn influence eruption styles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a volcanic rock texture with both large and small crystals?

    <p>Porphyritic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of magma has the highest silica content?

    <p>Felsic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volcanic eruption is not driven by lava but by steam resulting from the interaction of water with hot rocks or magma?

    <p>Phreatomagmatic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary gas released during volcanic eruptions?

    <p>Carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate average geothermal gradient in the Earth's crust?

    <p>30°C per kilometer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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