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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the composition and texture of intrusive igneous rock?
Which of the following best describes the composition and texture of intrusive igneous rock?
Mafic igneous rocks are typically lighter in color and less dense than felsic igneous rocks.
Mafic igneous rocks are typically lighter in color and less dense than felsic igneous rocks.
False (B)
What is the main factor that determines the texture of an igneous rock?
What is the main factor that determines the texture of an igneous rock?
cooling rate of the magma
Rocks that form when lava cools too quickly to form crystals are called ______.
Rocks that form when lava cools too quickly to form crystals are called ______.
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Match the type of igneous rock with its characteristics:
Match the type of igneous rock with its characteristics:
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Study Notes
Igneous Rock Composition and Texture
-
Felsic Rocks:
- Lighter in color
- Less dense
- Rich in silicon, aluminum, sodium, and potassium
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Mafic Rocks:
- Darker in color
- More dense
- Rich in iron, magnesium, and calcium
-
Crystal Size and Cooling Time:
- Longer magma cools, larger crystals form
- Cooler magma, smaller crystals form
Intrusive Igneous Rocks
- Cools beneath Earth's surface
- Coarse-grained texture
- Longer cooling time
- Large, well-defined crystals
- Felsic or mafic composition
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
- Cools at the Earth's surface
- Very small or no crystals
- Cools quickly
- Volcanic glass may form
- Mafic composition
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