Igneous Rock Classification Flashcards

Classification of Igneous Rocks

• Granite: Texture phaneritic; composition felsic - contiene minerals como quarzo e feldspato.
• Diorite: Texture phaneritic; composition intermediate - forma intermediar inter granit e gabbro.
• Gabbro: Texture phaneritic; composition mafic - rich in mineral basalte, cum un alto contene de ferro e magnesium.
• Peridotite: Texture phaneritic; composition ultramafic - es le principal fonte de magma in le mantello terrestre.

Aphanitic and Porphyritic Textures

• Rhyolite: Texture aphanitic; composition felsic - le equivalente extrusivo de granite, tipicamente de color claro.
• Andesite: Texture aphanitic; composition intermediate - forma le equivalente extrusivo de diorite, trovate in medio de elevato zonas.
• Basalt: Texture aphanitic; composition mafic - le rock igneos le plus commun in le crust terrestre, tener un colore oscuro.
• Komatite: Texture aphanitic; composition ultramafic - contiene un alto contene de olivine, formando in ambiantes de alta temperature.

Porphyritic Rocks

• Granite Porphyry: Texture porphyritic; composition felsic - presenta crystals grandi in un matrix fine.
• Andesite Porphyry: Texture porphyritic; composition intermediate - indica formation in medios volcanic con differente rates de crystallisation.
• Basalt Porphyry: Texture porphyritic; composition mafic - simil a basalt ma con inclusiones de crystals più grandes.

Glassy and Vesicular Textures

• Obsidian: Texture glassy; composition felsic - forma rapide que reflete como un vulcanique glass, tipicament de colore scuro.
• Pumice: Texture vesicular e glassy; composition felsic - es poroso e flota in aqua, resulta de erupciones explosive.
• Scoria: Texture vesicular; composition mafic - contiene bolla e es piu denso que pumice, usate frequentemente in landscaping.

Pyroclastic Rock

• Tuff: Texture pyroclastic; composition felsic - forma de particulas volcanic consolidate, usate in constructions.
• Volcanic Breccia: Texture pyroclastic; composition mafic - consiste de fragmentos de roccia volcanic irregular, tipicamente resultante de eruptions explosive.