Questions and Answers
What is the first step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Which of the following rocks is classified as extrusive igneous rock?
What is the final step in the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Which process occurs directly after erosion in the sedimentary rock formation?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of plutonic igneous rocks?
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Study Notes
Volcanic Igneous Rock (Extrusive)
- Formed when magma erupts from a volcano and cools quickly on the Earth's surface.
- Characterized by small crystals due to rapid cooling, making them typically fine-grained.
- Examples include basalt and pumice.
Plutonic Igneous Rock (Intrusive)
- Formed from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth’s surface.
- Characterized by larger crystals due to the prolonged cooling process, which allows for significant crystal growth.
- Common examples are granite and diorite.
Formation of Sedimentary Rocks
- Weathering: The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles through wind, water, and chemical reactions.
- Erosion: The movement of weathered rock particles from one location to another, primarily by water, ice, or wind.
- Deposition: Accumulation of eroded materials in new locations, often in bodies of water or low-lying areas.
- Compaction: As layers of sediment accumulate, they compress under their own weight, reducing pore space.
- Cementation: Minerals precipitate from water, filling the spaces between sediment particles and binding them together to form rock.
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Description
Test your knowledge on igneous rocks, both volcanic and plutonic, and the process of sedimentary rock formation including weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation. This quiz covers essential concepts related to geology and rock classification.
