Geology: Sedimentary and Igneous Rocks
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Questions and Answers

What is formed when particles of broken rock and organic materials are pressed and cemented together?

  • Sedimentary Rocks (correct)
  • Igneous Rocks
  • Metamorphic Rocks
  • None of the above

What type of rock is sandstone?

Sedimentary

What is shale?

A sedimentary rock made up of fine particles of clay and mud.

What is limestone primarily composed of?

<p>Calcium carbonate or dolomite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'igneous' means 'fire'.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is granite?

<p>Igneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is quartz primarily used for?

<p>Making glass and electronic equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is basalt?

<p>Igneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ Rocks have been modified by heat, pressure and chemical processes usually while buried deep below Earth's surface.

<p>Metamorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is slate?

<p>A fine-grained metamorphic rock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is marble?

<p>Metamorphic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is graphite used for?

<p>Drawing or writing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mineral?

<p>A solid inorganic substance made of different elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sedimentary Rocks

  • Formed from particles of broken rock and organic materials being pressed and cemented together.
  • Common sediments include mud, sand, pebbles, shells, bones, leaves, and stems.
  • Examples of sedimentary rocks: sandstone, limestone, and gypsum.

Sandstone

  • A type of sedimentary rock formed by the compaction of sand particles.

Shale

  • Composed of fine particles of clay and mud, making it a type of sedimentary rock.

Limestone

  • A hard sedimentary rock primarily made of calcium carbonate or dolomite.
  • Commonly used as a building material and in cement production.

Igneous Rocks

  • Created from melted rock (lava) that cools and hardens.
  • The term "igneous" derives from the Latin word for "fire."

Granite

  • A light-colored igneous rock commonly found in the continental crust.

Quartz

  • A mineral that is a component of igneous rocks.
  • Used in the production of glass, electronic equipment, and watches.

Basalt

  • A dark, dense igneous rock with a fine texture, typically found in oceanic crust.

Metamorphic Rocks

  • Formed under heat, pressure, and chemical processes, usually occurring deep within the Earth's crust.

Slate

  • A fine-grained metamorphic rock characterized by its dark gray color and ability to split into sheets.

Marble

  • A hard metamorphic rock that originates from the alteration of limestone.

Graphite

  • A form of black carbon frequently used for drawing or writing.

Mineral

  • A solid inorganic substance composed of various elements.
  • Essential for plant and animal survival, as they require a mixture of minerals.

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Description

Test your knowledge on sedimentary and igneous rocks. This quiz covers the formation, characteristics, and examples of these rock types, including sandstone, shale, limestone, granite, and basalt. Perfect for geology enthusiasts and students alike!

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