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Questions and Answers
What is electrolysis?
Electrolysis is the breakdown of a compound using an electrical current.
Why are solid ionic and covalent compounds not conductive?
Solid ionic and covalent compounds are not conductive because the charge can't move.
What allows graphite to conduct electricity?
Graphite conducts electricity because it has free electrons.
Why can hydrogen halides be electrolysed even though they are covalent?
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What happens when electrodes are placed in a molten ionic substance?
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What are the names of the two electrodes used in electrolysis of molten ionic compounds?
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What product will form at the cathode if the metal is less reactive than hydrogen?
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What product will form at the anode if no halides are present?
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What products will form at the electrodes when electrolysing pure water?
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What are the key components formed by the electrolysis of water?
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What determines which product will form at the cathode during electrolysis?
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What will form at the anode if a halide is present?
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What is the term used for the liquid or solution that undergoes electrolysis?
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What are the common materials for electrodes?
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What will form at the cathode when electrolysing copper(ll) sulfate?
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What product will form at the anode when electrolysing dilute sulfuric acid?
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What allows hydrogen halides to be electrolyzed even though they are covalent?
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What determines which product will form at the cathode during electrolysis?
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Why can graphite conduct electricity despite being covalent?
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What is the term for the liquid or solution that undergoes electrolysis?
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What happens when electrodes are placed in a molten ionic substance?
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What are the common materials used for electrodes?
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What products form at the anode and cathode during the electrolysis of lead(ll) bromide (PbBr2)?
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What product forms at the anode during the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4)?
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What product will form at the cathode if the metal is less reactive than hydrogen during electrolysis?
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What determines the product formed at the anode during the electrolysis of an aqueous solution?
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What product forms at the cathode during the electrolysis of copper(ll) sulfate (CuSO4)?
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What product forms at the cathode if the metal is the same or more reactive than hydrogen?
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What is the term used for the liquid or solution that undergoes electrolysis?
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What product forms at the anode during the electrolysis of water?
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Why can hydrogen halides be electrolyzed even though they are covalent?
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What are the common materials for electrodes in electrolysis?
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Study Notes
What is Electrolysis?
- Electrolysis is the process where an electric current is used to drive a chemical reaction.
Conductivity
- Solid ionic and covalent compounds are not conductive because the ions or molecules are fixed in place and cannot move freely.
- Graphite, a covalent compound, can conduct electricity due to its unique structure, which allows electrons to move freely.
Electrolysis of Molten Ionic Compounds
- When electrodes are placed in a molten ionic substance, it allows the ions to move freely and conduct electricity.
- The two electrodes used in electrolysis of molten ionic compounds are the anode (positive electrode) and cathode (negative electrode).
Products Formed at Electrodes
- At the cathode, if the metal is less reactive than hydrogen, hydrogen gas is produced.
- At the anode, if no halides are present, oxygen gas is produced.
- During the electrolysis of pure water, hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode and oxygen gas is produced at the anode.
- The key components formed by the electrolysis of water are hydrogen and oxygen.
Factors Determining Products
- The product formed at the cathode during electrolysis is determined by the reactivity of the metal.
- The product formed at the anode is determined by the presence of halides.
Electrolysis of Hydrogen Halides
- Hydrogen halides can be electrolyzed despite being covalent due to the presence of ions in the solution.
Terms and Materials
- The term used for the liquid or solution that undergoes electrolysis is the electrolyte.
- Common materials used for electrodes are graphite, platinum, and copper.
Specific Electrolysis Reactions
- During the electrolysis of copper(ll) sulfate, copper is produced at the cathode.
- During the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid, oxygen is produced at the anode.
- During the electrolysis of lead(ll) bromide, lead is produced at the cathode and bromine is produced at the anode.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the concept of electrolysis in chemistry, focusing on the breakdown of compounds using an electrical current, conductive properties of different compounds, and key principles related to charged particles and conductivity.
