Identifying Physiological Vulnerability and Risk Quiz

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What is considered a core concept in the study of aging?

Driving

Being near family/friends

Enjoying a hobby

Frailty (correct)

Which of the following stressors poses a risk to frail older adults according to the text?

Regular exercise routine

Increased social interactions

Hospitalization (correct)

A balanced diet

What do frail older adults lack to recover from stressors, according to the text?

Enhanced physical strength

Improved cognitive function

Reduced vulnerability

Increased physiological reserves (correct)

Considering frailty in older adults, what is the process underlying the high risk of adverse outcomes?

Aggregate loss of physiologic function Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of an emerging research agenda related to frailty?

Identifying physiologically vulnerable people before clinical frailty Signup and view all the answers

What are frail older adults more likely to experience as a group?

Delayed recovery from illness Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential definition of frailty mentioned in the text?

Frailty is defined as synonymous with disability, comorbidity, or advanced old age Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the frail population?

They are likely to be poor, women, and African American Signup and view all the answers

What do geriatricians increasingly define frailty as?

A biologic syndrome of decreased reserve and resistance to stressors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a contributing factor to frailty in the elderly?

Economic status Signup and view all the answers

What are some main points mentioned in the cycle of frailty according to the text?

Decreased muscle mass and slowed motor performance Signup and view all the answers

What are some qualifying characteristics of frailty listed in the text?

Weight loss and exhaustion Signup and view all the answers

What are the Four (or Five) Ms discussed in the text as foundational in the practice of Geriatrics?

Mobility, Mentation, Medication, Multimorbidity Signup and view all the answers

In the context of geriatric care, which of the following accurately defines dependency?

The state of relying on others for assistance in daily activities Signup and view all the answers

What does ADLs stand for in the context of geriatric care?

Activities of Daily Living Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the state of being fragile, with decreased physiological reserves and increased vulnerability to stressors in older adults?

Frailty Signup and view all the answers

How does multimorbidity differ from disease models in younger humans?

Multimorbidity refers to having multiple diseases simultaneously, while younger individuals typically have only one disease. Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding the social determinants of health important in geriatric care?

To address external factors influencing an individual's overall health and well-being Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected date when Medicaid will pay out $475 Billion in 2023 according to the text?

March 29, 2024 Signup and view all the answers

Who is at twice the risk for economic insecurity compared to couples among older adults?

Older adult singles Signup and view all the answers

Which group of older adults is mentioned to be at highest risk for economic insecurity?

Non-white singles Signup and view all the answers

What happens as Americans live longer in relation to government healthcare and social welfare systems?

More people rely on them Signup and view all the answers

What did the text highlight as a fallacy regarding the future of healthcare and social welfare systems?

The problem will resolve itself Signup and view all the answers

What responsibility does the text indicate individuals have regarding the understanding and advocacy for the healthcare environment?

Responsibility to understand and advocate for patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern raised regarding the current social welfare systems and the aging population?

Public financing of healthcare is unsustainable due to the increasing elderly population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Worker Funding Ratio mentioned in relation to Social Security and Medicare?

1.9 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the financial implications of the aging population highlighted in the text?

Public financing of retiree healthcare creates stress on today's workers. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key point about Medicaid coverage mentioned in the text?

Medicaid covers long-term nursing home care for older adults. Signup and view all the answers

How is Medicare described in terms of covering healthcare costs for older adults?

Medicare is facing financial challenges with increased elderly population. Signup and view all the answers

What demographic trend is highlighted related to America's population in the text?

Growth in the population aged 85+ Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of geriatric patients have three or more chronic illnesses?

50% Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT one of the guiding principles for treating multimorbidity as discussed in the text?

Emphasizing medication over patient preferences Signup and view all the answers

How much public money is spent annually on medical care for Alzheimer's Disease?

$332B Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common consequence of mobility issues in older adults as described in the text?

Improved muscle mass Signup and view all the answers

What is a common activity of daily living mentioned in the text that involves a 'Timed up and Go' test?

Transferring Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an instrumental activity of daily living described in the text?

Dressing Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern highlighted about the sustainability of government healthcare and social welfare systems in the text?

They are projected to run out of funding in the next decade. Signup and view all the answers

What demographic group has the highest risk for economic insecurity according to the text?

Single older adults Signup and view all the answers

What date is highlighted for Medicaid to pay $475 billion in 2023 according to the text?

March 29, 2024 Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the economic insecurity of older adults according to the text?

Unstable employment status Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage estimate of economically insecure older adults mentioned in the text?

50% Signup and view all the answers

What is the key implication highlighted regarding the future of government healthcare and social welfare systems in the text?

'Working itself out' is a flawed assumption. Signup and view all the answers

What stress does the text mention is put on the public financing of the health care system due to the increasing aging population?

Unsustainable systems given the current demographics Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population is projected to be 65 years or older in the near future?

25% Signup and view all the answers

What will happen to Medicare and Social Security costs for retirees as per the text?

They are being paid for by today's workers Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant concern related to the Worker Funding Ratio for Social Security and Medicare?

"Pay as you go" systems will fail Signup and view all the answers

What is the main financial implication highlighted in the text regarding the aging population?

Increased costs in Medicare and Social Security Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of America's average age rising, as mentioned in the text?

Growth in the 85+ population Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a common concern regarding clinical practice guidelines for geriatric patients with multiple chronic illnesses?

They focus on single disease management, not multiple concurrent chronic illnesses Signup and view all the answers

In what context is multimorbidity discussed in the text?

The challenge of managing multiple concurrent chronic illnesses in geriatric patients Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of Medicaid coverage highlighted in the text?

It lacks funding to support geriatric care services adequately Signup and view all the answers

How are social determinants of health emphasized in the text?

As essential considerations influencing health outcomes in older adults Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest about poverty rates among older adults?

Poverty rates remain a significant issue even for aging populations Signup and view all the answers

How does the text critique the current social welfare systems in relation to aging populations?

They lack adequate provisions to address the complex healthcare requirements of older adults Signup and view all the answers