Identifying Characteristics of Misinformation

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of authentication of information according to the text?

To cultivate good habits of authentication and interdependence to fact check each other
To evaluate ourselves, the source, message and message cues (correct)
To establish self image and group cohesion
To enable authorities to order the take down of fake news

What is the POFMA law in Singapore primarily used for according to the text?

To enable authorities to order the take down of fake news (correct)
To establish self image and group cohesion
To cultivate good habits of authentication and interdependence
To evaluate the source, message and message cues

What is the definition of a 'statement of fact' under the POFMA act?

A statement which a reasonable person would consider to be a representation of fiction
A statement which a reasonable person would consider to be a representation of opinion
A statement which a reasonable person would consider to be a representation of belief
A statement which a reasonable person would consider to be a representation of fact (correct)

What are the key 'external actions' involved in the authentication of information according to the text?

Checking against news sources and family/friends (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a 'motivation for authenticating' information?

Establishing authority (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key 'consequence of authentication' of information?

Cultivating good habits of authentication and interdependence to fact check each other (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the text state is the key characteristic of a 'false statement' under the POFMA act?

A statement that is partially untrue or misleading (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between misinformation and disinformation?

Misinformation is inadvertently false, while disinformation is intentionally false. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the main motivations for the creation of fake news?

Financial and ideological motives. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the key factors that make people vulnerable to fake news?

All of the above. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a 'falsehood' according to the text?

A statement that is false or misleading, whether wholly or in part. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between 'fake news' and other types of falsehoods mentioned in the text?

Both b and c. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why fake news is not easy to discriminate from real news?

Fake news is often well-produced and difficult to distinguish from real news. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key distinction between the 'original source' and 'immediate source' of news mentioned in the text?

The original source is the news outlet that published the story, while the immediate source is the person who shared it with you. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'disinformation' according to the text?

The intentional dissemination of false information. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic in a news message increases its deceptive power according to the text?

Use of a conversational tone (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are people with higher social media usage more likely to believe in fake news?

They experience confirmation bias (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason identified in the text why most people ignore fake news on social media?

Interpersonal relationships (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the erosion of trust in institutions due to fake news?

Devaluation of information (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what context do people with high confidence but low capability struggle according to the text?

Discerning fake news from real news (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to larger social divisions as a consequence of fake news?

Chilling effect on information (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason identified in the text why people may not actively take action against fake news?

Potential lack of relevance of the issue (D) Signup and view all the answers

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