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Questions and Answers
What is the basis of Eukaryotic species classification?
What is the basis of Eukaryotic species classification?
Which domain includes Archaea and Eubacteria?
Which domain includes Archaea and Eubacteria?
Which scientific binomial honors Lois Pfiester?
Which scientific binomial honors Lois Pfiester?
What is the distinguishing characteristic of Salmonella typhimurium?
What is the distinguishing characteristic of Salmonella typhimurium?
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Which organism honors Edwin Klebs in its scientific binomial?
Which organism honors Edwin Klebs in its scientific binomial?
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What is the standard reference on bacterial classification?
What is the standard reference on bacterial classification?
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Which domain includes predators and thieves?
Which domain includes predators and thieves?
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'Endosymbiotic Theory' explains the origin of which type of cells?
'Endosymbiotic Theory' explains the origin of which type of cells?
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What does Binomial Nomenclature consist of?
What does Binomial Nomenclature consist of?
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What is the distinguishing characteristic of Penicillium chrysogenum?
What is the distinguishing characteristic of Penicillium chrysogenum?
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Study Notes
Identifying Bacteria
- Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology provides identification schemes for bacteria and archaea based on morphology, differential staining, and biochemical tests.
- Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology provides phylogenetic information on bacteria and archaea based on rRNA sequencing.
Laboratory Identification
- Morphological characteristics are useful for identifying eukaryotes.
- Numerical and rapid identification methods are used.
- Differential staining techniques include Gram staining and acid-fast staining.
- Biochemical tests determine the presence of bacterial enzymes.
Serology
- Involves reactions of microorganisms with specific antibodies.
- Useful for identifying strains and species, and determining relationships among organisms.
- Techniques include slide agglutination, ELISA, and Western blot.
Phage Typing
- Involves determining the susceptibility of bacterial species and strains to various phages.
Genetics
- DNA fingerprinting: uses restriction enzymes to produce DNA fragments (fingerprints) to determine genetic similarities.
- Ribotyping: uses rRNA sequencing to identify organisms.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies small amounts of microbial DNA in a sample.
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Involves the bonding of single-stranded DNA or RNA from related organisms to form a double-stranded molecule.
- Applications include Southern blotting, DNA chips, and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH).
Taxonomy
- The Three-Domain System: Eubacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
- Endosymbiotic Theory: explains the origin of eukaryotes.
Scientific Nomenclature
- Common names vary with language and geography.
- Binomial Nomenclature (genus + specific epithet) is used worldwide and is a universal standard.
- Examples of scientific names include Escherichia coli and Homo sapiens.
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Description
This quiz covers identification schemes for bacteria and archaea as outlined in Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. It includes topics like morphology, differential staining, and biochemical tests. Additionally, it touches on phylogenetic information provided by Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.
