4BE3.5 U4 C6 Obj 3 EMH
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EASY What should you do if the boiler is priming or foaming?

  • Open the non-return valve
  • Turn off the boiler
  • Open the boiler surface blowoff valve (correct)
  • Check the feedwater for contamination

    • What should you do in case of severe priming and water hammer?

  • Open the non-return valve drain
  • Open the boiler surface blowoff valve
  • Turn off the boiler and close the non-return valve (correct)
  • Check the feedwater for contamination

    • How do you identify malfunctioning steam traps?

  • Turn off the boiler
  • Check the feedwater for contamination
  • Open the boiler surface blowoff valve
  • Open the steam trap test valves (correct)

    • What should you do if a steam trap fails to pass condensate?

    <p>Open the trap bypass to relieve condensate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after identifying malfunctioning steam traps?

    <p>Isolate and remove the trap for repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you report to the shift engineer or chief engineer?

    <p>Sagging steam lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when a steam line is out of service?

    <p>Repair or replace steam traps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the boiler water level not be too high?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to prevent excess steam and water loss during warm-up?

    <p>Pinch off trap bypasses and steam line drains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be installed in steam lines to help remove moisture from the steam?

    <p>Steam separators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked in heating systems to prevent water hammer?

    <p>The Hartford Loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if water hammer or vibration occurs while the non-return valve is being opened?

    <p>Close the valve at once</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to ensure correct boiler operations?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be installed in piping systems to lessen the occurrence or severity of water hammer?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should steam lines be properly graded?

    <p>To ensure the direction of flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if water hammer occurs in the boiler house?

    <p>Check the boiler water level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symptom of water hammer?

    <p>Loud noises accompanied by piping system movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes sudden stoppage of fluid, leading to water hammer?

    <p>Manual valves are closed quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of sudden fluid acceleration?

    <p>Water hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can water hammer be prevented?

    <p>By operating equipment carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time to fully open or fully close a valve?

    <p>5 seconds per 25 mm of pipe diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to prevent water hammer when shutting off a centrifugal pump?

    <p>Slowly close the discharge valve before shutting off the pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not preventing water hammer?

    <p>Pipe failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it imperative for operators to be familiar with methods of water hammer prevention?

    <p>To prevent pipe failures and costly damages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MEDIUM What is the primary cause of water hammer in a steam plant?

    <p>Sudden stoppage of fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of severe water hammer?

    <p>Pipe failures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of sudden fluid acceleration?

    <p>Swing check valves closing slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time to fully open or fully close a manual valve?

    <p>5 seconds per 25 mm of pipe diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an operational solution to prevent water hammer?

    <p>Operating equipment carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of sudden stoppage of fluid in a steam plant?

    <p>Water hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of water hammer?

    <p>Series of loud noises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of familiarizing operators with methods of water hammer prevention?

    <p>To prevent the consequences of water hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of opening the boiler surface blowoff valve?

    <p>To remove impurities from near the boiler water surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do first when dealing with severe priming and water hammer?

    <p>Turn off the boiler and close the non-return valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you relieve condensate from the steam system when a steam trap fails to pass condensate?

    <p>By opening the trap bypass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you observe in steam lines to prevent water hammer?

    <p>Sagging, missing insulation, and broken pipe hangers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after identifying malfunctioning steam traps?

    <p>Isolate and remove the trap for repair or replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct procedure when dealing with malfunctioning steam traps?

    <p>Blow out the trap strainer, then place the trap on-line and recheck its operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to repair or replace steam traps when a steam line is out of service?

    <p>To ensure the steam trap is functional when the steam line is returned to service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inspecting steam lines for damaged or missing insulation?

    <p>To prevent excess condensate from accumulating in areas not served by traps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for opening all trap bypasses and manual condensate drains during the warm-up period?

    <p>To handle the large amount of condensate that forms when equipment first warms up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not ensuring the water level is not too high in the boiler?

    <p>Foaming and priming will lead to carryover and water hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of installing steam separators in longer saturated steam lines?

    <p>To help remove moisture from the steam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be installed around steam valves on steam lines larger than DN 50?

    <p>Warm-up valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if water hammer or vibration occurs while the non-return valve is being opened?

    <p>Close the valve at once and ensure the steam line is warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of blowing off the water column and gauge glass in the boiler house?

    <p>To ensure the water level is accurate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of not properly grading steam lines and condensate lines?

    <p>Condensate will accumulate in areas not served by traps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to prevent water hammer when shutting off a centrifugal pump?

    <p>Install surge arrestors downstream of pumps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HARD What is the primary consequence of water hammer in a steam plant?

    <p>Pipe failure and costly repairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of sudden fluid acceleration in a steam plant?

    <p>Centrifugal pumps shutting off slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time to fully open or fully close a manual valve on a DN 200 pipe?

    <p>40 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of operating manual valves slowly in a steam plant?

    <p>To prevent water hammer and pipe damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of sudden stoppage of fluid in a steam plant?

    <p>Water hammer and pipe movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an operational solution to prevent water hammer in a steam plant?

    <p>Operating equipment carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of water hammer in a steam plant?

    <p>Loud noises and pipe movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of familiarizing operators with methods of water hammer prevention?

    <p>To prevent water hammer and pipe damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of correcting the boiler water conditions when the boiler is priming or foaming?

    <p>To prevent water hammer in the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most effective way to locate malfunctioning steam traps in the plant?

    <p>By opening the steam trap test valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for isolating and removing a malfunctioning steam trap from service?

    <p>To perform repairs or replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not following plant lockout and tagout procedures when repairing a steam trap?

    <p>The trap may not be properly isolated for repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for observing steam lines for sagging, missing insulation, and broken pipe hangers?

    <p>To prevent water hammer in the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of throttling the bypass valve when relieving condensate from the steam system?

    <p>To prevent excessive steam loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for installing steam traps in steam lines?

    <p>To remove condensate that builds up when the valve cycles off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action to take when admitting steam to cold steam lines?

    <p>Ensure all steam traps are in service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of installing surge arrestors in fluid-handling systems?

    <p>To prevent sudden stoppage of fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of not repairing or replacing steam traps when a steam line is out of service?

    <p>The steam line will not return to service properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of installing soft-start variable frequency drives in fluid-handling systems?

    <p>To start, modulate, and stop centrifugal pumps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action to take when dealing with severe priming and water hammer?

    <p>Check the boiler water level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of inspecting steam lines for broken or disconnected pipe hangers?

    <p>To prevent sagging pipes and condensate accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action to take when opening the non-return valve and water hammer or vibration occurs?

    <p>Close the non-return valve at once</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of installing warm-up valves around steam valves on steam lines larger than DN 50?

    <p>To limit the steam pressure in the cold steam line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of ensuring steam and condensate lines are properly graded?

    <p>To prevent water hammer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Identifying Water Hammer

    • Water hammer is recognizable by loud noises and piping system movement, ranging from small pings to loud bangs and slight to dramatic piping system movement.

    Causes of Water Hammer

    • Sudden stoppage of fluid, caused by:
    • Manual valves closed quickly
    • Control valves (solenoid valves) closing rapidly
    • Swing check valves closing suddenly when pumps stop or control valves close quickly
    • Sudden fluid acceleration, caused by:
    • Pumps starting suddenly with discharge valves fully open
    • Manual valves opened quickly
    • Control valves (solenoid valves) opening rapidly
    • Co-existence of saturated steam and saturated water (condensate) in steam or condensate lines

    Preventing Water Hammer

    • Operate equipment carefully
    • Redesign piping systems
    • Install piping components that reduce or eliminate water hammer

    Operational Solutions

    • Operate manual valves slowly (5 seconds to fully open/close per 25mm pipe diameter)
    • For centrifugal pumps, slowly close discharge valve before shutting off the pump
    • For steam lines:
    • Repair or replace steam traps when out of service
    • Inspect steam lines for broken/disconnected pipe hangers and repair/replace
    • Inspect steam lines for damaged/missing insulation and repair/replace
    • Regularly clean steam trap strainers
    • Ensure all steam traps are in service before admitting steam to cold steam lines
    • Open all trap bypasses and manual condensate drains during warm-up period
    • Warm up steam lines using small warm-up lines, rather than main isolation valves
    • Allow trap bypasses or steam line drains to blow until steam lines are warmed up
    • Ensure correct boiler operations

    Design and Equipment Solutions

    • Identify low points in steam lines and install appropriate steam traps
    • Ensure installed steam traps are of proper type and capacity
    • Install steam separators in longer saturated steam lines to remove moisture from steam
    • Ensure steam and condensate lines are properly graded
    • Install warm-up valves around steam valves on steam lines larger than DN 50
    • Ensure traps are installed in steam lines before control valves
    • Install soft-start variable frequency drives for centrifugal pumps
    • Install slow-opening solenoid valves
    • Install no-slam design check valves
    • Install surge arrestors downstream of pumps
    • Redesign piping systems for lower fluid velocities

    Response to Water Hammer

    When Placing a Boiler On-Line

    • If water hammer or vibration occurs while opening non-return valve, close the valve and:
    • Ensure steam line between header and boiler is warm
    • Open drains between header isolation valve and non-return valve to blow steam
    • Try opening non-return valve again, but more slowly

    During Routine Operation

    Water Hammer in the Boiler House

    • If water hammer occurs, immediately check boiler water level
    • If high water level or priming, lower water level with boiler blowoff valves
    • Determine cause of high water level or carryover
    • If boiler is priming or foaming, open boiler surface blowoff valve to remove impurities
    • Correct boiler water conditions causing the situation

    Water Hammer in the Plant

    • Open steam trap test valves or use other means to locate malfunctioning steam traps
    • Blow out trap strainers to remove blockage
    • Place trap on-line and recheck operation
    • If trap fails to pass condensate, open trap bypass to relieve condensate
    • Throttle bypass valve to prevent excessive steam loss or water hammer
    • Isolate and remove trap for repair or replacement
    • Follow plant lockout and tagout procedures

    Identifying Water Hammer

    • Water hammer is recognizable by loud noises and piping system movement, ranging from small pings to loud bangs and slight to dramatic piping system movement.

    Causes of Water Hammer

    • Sudden stoppage of fluid, caused by:
    • Manual valves closed quickly
    • Control valves (solenoid valves) closing rapidly
    • Swing check valves closing suddenly when pumps stop or control valves close quickly
    • Sudden fluid acceleration, caused by:
    • Pumps starting suddenly with discharge valves fully open
    • Manual valves opened quickly
    • Control valves (solenoid valves) opening rapidly
    • Co-existence of saturated steam and saturated water (condensate) in steam or condensate lines

    Preventing Water Hammer

    • Operate equipment carefully
    • Redesign piping systems
    • Install piping components that reduce or eliminate water hammer

    Operational Solutions

    • Operate manual valves slowly (5 seconds to fully open/close per 25mm pipe diameter)
    • For centrifugal pumps, slowly close discharge valve before shutting off the pump
    • For steam lines:
    • Repair or replace steam traps when out of service
    • Inspect steam lines for broken/disconnected pipe hangers and repair/replace
    • Inspect steam lines for damaged/missing insulation and repair/replace
    • Regularly clean steam trap strainers
    • Ensure all steam traps are in service before admitting steam to cold steam lines
    • Open all trap bypasses and manual condensate drains during warm-up period
    • Warm up steam lines using small warm-up lines, rather than main isolation valves
    • Allow trap bypasses or steam line drains to blow until steam lines are warmed up
    • Ensure correct boiler operations

    Design and Equipment Solutions

    • Identify low points in steam lines and install appropriate steam traps
    • Ensure installed steam traps are of proper type and capacity
    • Install steam separators in longer saturated steam lines to remove moisture from steam
    • Ensure steam and condensate lines are properly graded
    • Install warm-up valves around steam valves on steam lines larger than DN 50
    • Ensure traps are installed in steam lines before control valves
    • Install soft-start variable frequency drives for centrifugal pumps
    • Install slow-opening solenoid valves
    • Install no-slam design check valves
    • Install surge arrestors downstream of pumps
    • Redesign piping systems for lower fluid velocities

    Response to Water Hammer

    When Placing a Boiler On-Line

    • If water hammer or vibration occurs while opening non-return valve, close the valve and:
    • Ensure steam line between header and boiler is warm
    • Open drains between header isolation valve and non-return valve to blow steam
    • Try opening non-return valve again, but more slowly

    During Routine Operation

    Water Hammer in the Boiler House

    • If water hammer occurs, immediately check boiler water level
    • If high water level or priming, lower water level with boiler blowoff valves
    • Determine cause of high water level or carryover
    • If boiler is priming or foaming, open boiler surface blowoff valve to remove impurities
    • Correct boiler water conditions causing the situation

    Water Hammer in the Plant

    • Open steam trap test valves or use other means to locate malfunctioning steam traps
    • Blow out trap strainers to remove blockage
    • Place trap on-line and recheck operation
    • If trap fails to pass condensate, open trap bypass to relieve condensate
    • Throttle bypass valve to prevent excessive steam loss or water hammer
    • Isolate and remove trap for repair or replacement
    • Follow plant lockout and tagout procedures

    Identifying Water Hammer

    • Water hammer is recognizable by loud noises and piping system movement, ranging from small pings to loud bangs and slight to dramatic piping system movement.

    Causes of Water Hammer

    • Sudden stoppage of fluid, caused by:
    • Manual valves closed quickly
    • Control valves (solenoid valves) closing rapidly
    • Swing check valves closing suddenly when pumps stop or control valves close quickly
    • Sudden fluid acceleration, caused by:
    • Pumps starting suddenly with discharge valves fully open
    • Manual valves opened quickly
    • Control valves (solenoid valves) opening rapidly
    • Co-existence of saturated steam and saturated water (condensate) in steam or condensate lines

    Preventing Water Hammer

    • Operate equipment carefully
    • Redesign piping systems
    • Install piping components that reduce or eliminate water hammer

    Operational Solutions

    • Operate manual valves slowly (5 seconds to fully open/close per 25mm pipe diameter)
    • For centrifugal pumps, slowly close discharge valve before shutting off the pump
    • For steam lines:
    • Repair or replace steam traps when out of service
    • Inspect steam lines for broken/disconnected pipe hangers and repair/replace
    • Inspect steam lines for damaged/missing insulation and repair/replace
    • Regularly clean steam trap strainers
    • Ensure all steam traps are in service before admitting steam to cold steam lines
    • Open all trap bypasses and manual condensate drains during warm-up period
    • Warm up steam lines using small warm-up lines, rather than main isolation valves
    • Allow trap bypasses or steam line drains to blow until steam lines are warmed up
    • Ensure correct boiler operations

    Design and Equipment Solutions

    • Identify low points in steam lines and install appropriate steam traps
    • Ensure installed steam traps are of proper type and capacity
    • Install steam separators in longer saturated steam lines to remove moisture from steam
    • Ensure steam and condensate lines are properly graded
    • Install warm-up valves around steam valves on steam lines larger than DN 50
    • Ensure traps are installed in steam lines before control valves
    • Install soft-start variable frequency drives for centrifugal pumps
    • Install slow-opening solenoid valves
    • Install no-slam design check valves
    • Install surge arrestors downstream of pumps
    • Redesign piping systems for lower fluid velocities

    Response to Water Hammer

    When Placing a Boiler On-Line

    • If water hammer or vibration occurs while opening non-return valve, close the valve and:
    • Ensure steam line between header and boiler is warm
    • Open drains between header isolation valve and non-return valve to blow steam
    • Try opening non-return valve again, but more slowly

    During Routine Operation

    Water Hammer in the Boiler House

    • If water hammer occurs, immediately check boiler water level
    • If high water level or priming, lower water level with boiler blowoff valves
    • Determine cause of high water level or carryover
    • If boiler is priming or foaming, open boiler surface blowoff valve to remove impurities
    • Correct boiler water conditions causing the situation

    Water Hammer in the Plant

    • Open steam trap test valves or use other means to locate malfunctioning steam traps
    • Blow out trap strainers to remove blockage
    • Place trap on-line and recheck operation
    • If trap fails to pass condensate, open trap bypass to relieve condensate
    • Throttle bypass valve to prevent excessive steam loss or water hammer
    • Isolate and remove trap for repair or replacement
    • Follow plant lockout and tagout procedures

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    Description

    This quiz covers the identification and causes of water hammer, including the sounds and movements associated with it, and the sudden changes in fluid flow that trigger it.

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